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Disruption of dual zygotic spindle assembly shows epigenetic asymmetry to be chromosome intrinsic

Judith Reichmann, Bianca Nijmeijer, M. Julius Hossain, Manuel Eguren, Isabell Schneider, Antonio Z. Politi, M. Julia Roberti, Lars Hufnagel, Takashi Hiiragi, View ORCID ProfileJan Ellenberg
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/198275
Judith Reichmann
1Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Bianca Nijmeijer
1Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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M. Julius Hossain
1Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Manuel Eguren
1Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Isabell Schneider
1Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Antonio Z. Politi
1Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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M. Julia Roberti
1Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Lars Hufnagel
1Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Takashi Hiiragi
2Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Jan Ellenberg
1Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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  • ORCID record for Jan Ellenberg
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Abstract

In the early mammalian embryo, chromosomes are compartmentalised in a parent - of - origin specific manner, a feature thought to be important for their differential reprogramming Probst and Almouzni 1, 2-4. In mammals, pronuclei do not fuse after fertilisation but parental genomes are first replicated separately and then brought together after pronuclear envelope breakdown on the metaphase plate of the first mitosis 5,6. Strikingly, maternal and paternal chromatin occupies distinct hemispheres in the nuclei of the two-cell embryo, and this separation only gradually decreases during subsequent stages of development 4,7. Both the mechanism underlying parental genome separation and its functional importance for differential reprogramming are currently unclear. Here we reveal that the formation of two separate bipolar spindles around each parental pronucleus keeps maternal and paternal genomes apart during the first cleavage of the zygote. This mechanistic understanding allows us to test the requirement of genome separation for maintaining epigenetic asymmetry and its differential reprogramming by experimentally mixing the parental chromosomes. We show that establishment, maintenance and reprogramming of epigenetic asymmetry between the parental genomes is a chromosome intrinsic property and occurs independently of their compartmentalisation.

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Posted October 04, 2017.
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Disruption of dual zygotic spindle assembly shows epigenetic asymmetry to be chromosome intrinsic
Judith Reichmann, Bianca Nijmeijer, M. Julius Hossain, Manuel Eguren, Isabell Schneider, Antonio Z. Politi, M. Julia Roberti, Lars Hufnagel, Takashi Hiiragi, Jan Ellenberg
bioRxiv 198275; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/198275
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Disruption of dual zygotic spindle assembly shows epigenetic asymmetry to be chromosome intrinsic
Judith Reichmann, Bianca Nijmeijer, M. Julius Hossain, Manuel Eguren, Isabell Schneider, Antonio Z. Politi, M. Julia Roberti, Lars Hufnagel, Takashi Hiiragi, Jan Ellenberg
bioRxiv 198275; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/198275

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