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Development of cross-orientation suppression and size tuning and the role of experience

Marjena Popović, Andrea K. Stacy, Mihwa Kang, Roshan Nanu, Charlotte E. Oettgen, Derek L. Wise, József Fiser, Stephen D. Van Hooser
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/201228
Marjena Popović
1Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
2Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
3Sloan-Swartz Center for Theoretical Neurobiology Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
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Andrea K. Stacy
1Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
2Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
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Mihwa Kang
1Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
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Roshan Nanu
1Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
2Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
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Charlotte E. Oettgen
1Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
4Department of Biology, Bates College, Lewiston, ME 04240
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Derek L. Wise
1Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
2Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
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József Fiser
2Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
3Sloan-Swartz Center for Theoretical Neurobiology Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
5Department of Cognitive Sciences, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary
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Stephen D. Van Hooser
1Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
2Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
3Sloan-Swartz Center for Theoretical Neurobiology Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454 USA
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Abstract

Many sensory neural circuits exhibit response normalization, which occurs when the response of a neuron to a combination of multiple stimuli is less than the sum of the responses to the individual stimuli presented alone. In the visual cortex, normalization takes the forms of cross-orientation suppression and surround suppression. At the onset of visual experience, visual circuits are partially developed and exhibit some mature features such as orientation selectivity, but it is unknown whether cross-orientation suppression or surround suppression are present at the onset of visual experience or require visual experience for their emergence. We characterized the development of these properties and their dependence on visual experience in ferrets. Visual experience was varied across three conditions: typical rearing, dark rearing, and dark rearing with daily exposure to simple sinusoidal gratings (14-16 hours total). Cross-orientation suppression and surround suppression were noted in the earliest observations, and did not vary considerably with experience. We also observed evidence of continued maturation of receptive field properties in the second month of visual experience: substantial length summation was observed only in the oldest animals (postnatal day 90); evoked firing rates were greatly increased in older animals; and direction selectivity required experience, but declined slightly in older animals. These results constrain the space of possible circuit implementations of these features.

Significance Statement The development of the brain depends on both nature – factors that are independent of the experience of an individual animal – and nurture – factors that depend on experience. While orientation selectivity, one of the major response properties of neurons in visual cortex, is already present at the onset of visual experience, it is unknown if response properties that depend on interactions among multiple stimuli develop without experience. We find that the properties of crossorientation suppression and surround suppression are present at eye opening, and do not depend on visual experience. Our results are consistent with the idea that a majority of the basic properties of sensory neurons in primary visual cortex are derived independent of the experience of an individual animal.

Footnotes

  • Conflicts of interest: The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted October 10, 2017.
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Development of cross-orientation suppression and size tuning and the role of experience
Marjena Popović, Andrea K. Stacy, Mihwa Kang, Roshan Nanu, Charlotte E. Oettgen, Derek L. Wise, József Fiser, Stephen D. Van Hooser
bioRxiv 201228; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/201228
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Development of cross-orientation suppression and size tuning and the role of experience
Marjena Popović, Andrea K. Stacy, Mihwa Kang, Roshan Nanu, Charlotte E. Oettgen, Derek L. Wise, József Fiser, Stephen D. Van Hooser
bioRxiv 201228; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/201228

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