Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) drive an array of critical physiological functions and are an important class of drug targets, though a map of which GPCR genetic variants are associated with phenotypic variation is lacking. We performed a phenome-wide association analysis for 269 common protein-altering variants in 156 GPCRs and 275 phenotypes, including disease outcomes and diverse quantitative measurements, using 337,205 UK Biobank participants and identified 138 associations. We discovered novel associations between GPCR variants and migraine risk, hypothyroidism, and dietary consumption. We also demonstrated experimentally that variants in the β2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) associated with immune cell counts and pulmonary function and variants in the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIPR) associated with food intake and body size affect downstream signaling pathways. Overall, this study provides a map of genetic associations for GPCR coding variants across a wide variety of phenotypes, which can inform future drug discovery efforts targeting GPCRs.
Competing Interest Statement
M.B. is the president of the scientific advisory board of Domain Therapeutics. The BRET-based biosensors used in this study are licensed to Domain Therapeutics for commercial use, but all biosensors are available for free from the laboratory of M.B. for academic research without commercial goals upon request under a regular material transfer agreement. M.A.R. is on the SAB of 54Gene and Computational Advisory Board for Goldfinch Bio and has advised BioMarin, Third Rock Ventures, MazeTx and Related Sciences. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.
