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A deep dive into the ancestral chromosome number and genome size of flowering plants

View ORCID ProfileAngelino Carta, Gianni Bedini, Lorenzo Peruzzi
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.05.893859
Angelino Carta
Department of Biology, Botany Unit, University of Pisa, via Derna 1, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
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  • ORCID record for Angelino Carta
  • For correspondence: acarta@biologia.unipi.it
Gianni Bedini
Department of Biology, Botany Unit, University of Pisa, via Derna 1, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
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Lorenzo Peruzzi
Department of Biology, Botany Unit, University of Pisa, via Derna 1, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
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Summary

  • Chromosome number and genome variation in flowering plants has stimulated a blossoming number of speculations about the ancestral chromosome number of angiosperms, but estimates so far remain equivocal.

  • We used a probabilistic approach to model haploid chromosome number (n) changes along a phylogeny embracing more than 10 thousands taxa, to reconstruct the ancestral chromosome number of the common ancestor of extant angiosperms and the most recent common ancestor for single angiosperm families. Independently, we carried out an analysis of 1C genome size evolution, including over 5 thousands taxa.

  • Our inferences revealed an ancestral haploid chromosome number for angiosperms n = 7, a diploid status, and an ancestral 1C = 1.73 pg. For 160 families, inferred ancestral n are provided for the first time.

  • Both descending dysploidy and polyploidy played crucial roles in chromosome number evolution. While descending dysploidy is equally distributed early and late across the phylogeny, polyploidy is detected mainly towards the tips. Similarly, also 1C genome size significantly increases (or decreases) in late-branching lineages. Therefore, no evidence exists for a clear link between ancestral chromosome numbers and ancient polyploidization events, suggesting that further insights are needed to elucidate the organization of genome packaging into chromosomes.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted May 05, 2020.
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A deep dive into the ancestral chromosome number and genome size of flowering plants
Angelino Carta, Gianni Bedini, Lorenzo Peruzzi
bioRxiv 2020.01.05.893859; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.05.893859
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A deep dive into the ancestral chromosome number and genome size of flowering plants
Angelino Carta, Gianni Bedini, Lorenzo Peruzzi
bioRxiv 2020.01.05.893859; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.05.893859

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