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Temperature change has the same effect as genetic variation on a morphological trait involved in reproductive isolation between Drosophila sister species

View ORCID ProfileAlexandre E. Peluffo, Mehdi Hamdani, View ORCID ProfileAlejandra Vargas-Valderrama, Jean R. David, View ORCID ProfileFrançois Mallard, View ORCID ProfileFrançois Graner, View ORCID ProfileVirginie Courtier-Orgogozo
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.20.911826
Alexandre E. Peluffo
Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, Univ. de Paris, 75013 Paris, France
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  • ORCID record for Alexandre E. Peluffo
Mehdi Hamdani
Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, Univ. de Paris, 75013 Paris, France
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Alejandra Vargas-Valderrama
Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, Univ. de Paris, 75013 Paris, France
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  • ORCID record for Alejandra Vargas-Valderrama
Jean R. David
Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75005 Paris, FranceLaboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement, Biodiversité (EGCE), CNRS, IRD, Univ. Paris-sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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François Mallard
lnstitut de Biologie de I’École Normale Supérieure, CNRS UMR 8197, Inserm U1024, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
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François Graner
Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS UMR 7057, Univ. de Paris, Paris, France
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Virginie Courtier-Orgogozo
Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, Univ. de Paris, 75013 Paris, France
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  • ORCID record for Virginie Courtier-Orgogozo
  • For correspondence: virginie.courtier@normalesup.org alex.peluffo@icloud.com
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Abstract

Phenotypic plasticity, the capacity of one genotype to generate distinct phenotypes in different environments, is usually thought to facilitate species divergence by opening novel ecological niches to plastic individuals. Here we reveal a case of speciation where this “plasticity first” scenario might not hold. Male genitalia are usually extremely divergent between closely related species, but relatively constant within one species. Under the lock-and-key hypothesis, rapid morphological evolution is associated with a high match between male and female genitalia of the same species and a low match between male and females of closely related species. Previous studies have suggested plasticity of genitalia to be a proof against the lock-and-key hypothesis since the environmentally triggered phenotypic change could modify the “key”. Here we examine the effect of temperature on the shape of the ventral branches, a male genital structure involved in reproductive isolation, in the sister species Drosophila santomea and D. yakuba. We designed a semi-automatic measurement pipeline that can reliably identify curvatures and landmarks based on manually digitized contours of the ventral branches. With this method, we observed that ventral branches are not plastic in D. yakuba but that in D. santomea temperature change phenocopies interspecific genetic variation between both species for ventral branches shape. Our results suggest that speciation of D. santomea and D. yakuba was associated with a gain of plasticity and that genitalia plasticity can be compatible with the lock-and-key hypothesis.

Footnotes

  • Author details AEP: alex.peluffo{at}icloud.com

    MH: m_hamdani{at}outlook.fr

    AVV: alejandra.vargas-valderrama{at}inserm.fr

    JRD: Jean.David{at}egce.cnrs-gif.fr

    FM: francois.mallard{at}ens.fr

    FG: francois.graner{at}univ-paris-diderot.fr

    VCO: virginie.courtier{at}normalesup.org

  • https://datadryad.org/stash/share/72YV3b0V2AELCpWuS_ULqMlZyORs9WILt6iMiInAkpE

  • Abbreviations

    QTL
    Quantitative Trait Locus
    ST
    spine thrust
  • Copyright 
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    Posted January 20, 2020.
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    Temperature change has the same effect as genetic variation on a morphological trait involved in reproductive isolation between Drosophila sister species
    Alexandre E. Peluffo, Mehdi Hamdani, Alejandra Vargas-Valderrama, Jean R. David, François Mallard, François Graner, Virginie Courtier-Orgogozo
    bioRxiv 2020.01.20.911826; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.20.911826
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    Temperature change has the same effect as genetic variation on a morphological trait involved in reproductive isolation between Drosophila sister species
    Alexandre E. Peluffo, Mehdi Hamdani, Alejandra Vargas-Valderrama, Jean R. David, François Mallard, François Graner, Virginie Courtier-Orgogozo
    bioRxiv 2020.01.20.911826; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.20.911826

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