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Molecular evolution of luciferase diversified bioluminescent signals in sea fireflies (Crustacea:Ostracoda:Cypridinidae)

View ORCID ProfileNicholai M. Hensley, Emily A. Ellis, View ORCID ProfileNicole Y. Leung, John Coupart, Alexander Mikhailovsky, Daryl A. Taketa, View ORCID ProfileMichael Tessler, View ORCID ProfileDavid F. Gruber, Anthony W. De Tomaso, Yasuo Mitani, Trevor J. Rivers, View ORCID ProfileGretchen A. Gerrish, Elizabeth Torres, View ORCID ProfileTodd H. Oakley
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.23.917187
Nicholai M. Hensley
Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara
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Emily A. Ellis
Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida
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Nicole Y. Leung
Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara California
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John Coupart
Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara
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Alexander Mikhailovsky
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara
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Daryl A. Taketa
Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara
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Michael Tessler
American Museum of Natural History and New York University, New York
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David F. Gruber
Department of Biology and Environmental Science, City University of New York Baruch College, New York
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Anthony W. De Tomaso
Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara
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Yasuo Mitani
Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo
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Trevor J. Rivers
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas
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Gretchen A. Gerrish
Trout Lake Station, Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin - Madison
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Elizabeth Torres
Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Los Angeles
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Todd H. Oakley
Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara
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  • ORCID record for Todd H. Oakley
  • For correspondence: oakley@ucsb.edu
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Abstract

Integrative studies of courtship signals provide rich opportunities to understand how biological diversity originates, but understanding the underlying genetics is challenging. Here we show molecular evolution of a single gene - luciferase - influenced diversification of bioluminescent signals in cypridinid ostracods, including their radiation into dozens of Caribbean species with distinctive courtship displays. We report emission spectra from twenty-one species, thirteen luciferases from transcriptomes, and in vitro assays that confirm function from four exemplar species. We found most sites in luciferase evolved neutrally or under purifying selection, including multiple sites that affect the color of bioluminescence in mutagenesis studies. Twelve sites in cypridinid luciferase evolved under episodic diversifying selection, including five that correlate with changes in kinetics and/or color of bioluminescence, phenotypes that manifest at the organismal level. These results demonstrate how neutral, pleiotropic, and/or selective forces may act on even a single gene and contribute to diversification of phenotypes.

Footnotes

  • https://github.com/ostratodd/Cypridinidae_Emission

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted January 24, 2020.
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Molecular evolution of luciferase diversified bioluminescent signals in sea fireflies (Crustacea:Ostracoda:Cypridinidae)
Nicholai M. Hensley, Emily A. Ellis, Nicole Y. Leung, John Coupart, Alexander Mikhailovsky, Daryl A. Taketa, Michael Tessler, David F. Gruber, Anthony W. De Tomaso, Yasuo Mitani, Trevor J. Rivers, Gretchen A. Gerrish, Elizabeth Torres, Todd H. Oakley
bioRxiv 2020.01.23.917187; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.23.917187
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Molecular evolution of luciferase diversified bioluminescent signals in sea fireflies (Crustacea:Ostracoda:Cypridinidae)
Nicholai M. Hensley, Emily A. Ellis, Nicole Y. Leung, John Coupart, Alexander Mikhailovsky, Daryl A. Taketa, Michael Tessler, David F. Gruber, Anthony W. De Tomaso, Yasuo Mitani, Trevor J. Rivers, Gretchen A. Gerrish, Elizabeth Torres, Todd H. Oakley
bioRxiv 2020.01.23.917187; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.23.917187

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