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Modulation of spatial cue processing across the lifespan: a geometric polarization of space restores allocentric navigation strategies in children and older adults

Marcia Bécu, Denis Sheynikhovich, Stephen Ramanoël, Guillaume Tatur, Anthony Ozier-Lafontaine, José-Alain Sahel, Angelo Arleo
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.12.945808
Marcia Bécu
1Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
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  • For correspondence: marcia.becu@inserm.fr
Denis Sheynikhovich
1Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
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Stephen Ramanoël
1Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
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Guillaume Tatur
1Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
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Anthony Ozier-Lafontaine
1Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
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José-Alain Sahel
1Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
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Angelo Arleo
1Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France
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  • For correspondence: marcia.becu@inserm.fr
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Abstract

The impact of development and healthy aging on spatial cognition has been traditionally attributed to a difficulty in using allocentric strategies and a preference for egocentric ones. An alternative possibility, suggested by our previous works, is that this preference is actually conditioned by the spatial cues (e.g. geometric of landmark cues) present in the environment rather than a strategic choice per se. We tested this prediction by having 79 subjects (children, young and older adults) navigating a Y-maze composed either of landmarks or geometric cues, with an immersive head-mounted display that allows us to record both head and eye movements. Our results show that when the performance is based on landmarks solely, children and older adults exhibit a deficit in using allocentric strategies when compared to young adults. Hence, an inverted U-profile of allocentric strategies was observed across the lifespan. This was not due to a default of attention to the landmarks, as evidenced by analysis of gaze dynamics. When geometric were provided, however, older adults and children used allocentric strategies in the same proportion as young adults. They were, in addition, as efficient and quick to implement the strategy. We thus propose a reinterpretation of the previous data in the literature, whereby reference to geometric cues is the default mode for spatial representations, which is immune to age, whereas spatial representations fail to be anchored on landmarks early in development and later in aging. This new interpretation has the potential to reunify several data from the literature, ranging from spatial cues processing to strategy preference, and including other spatial skills like path integration and route learning.

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Posted February 13, 2020.
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Modulation of spatial cue processing across the lifespan: a geometric polarization of space restores allocentric navigation strategies in children and older adults
Marcia Bécu, Denis Sheynikhovich, Stephen Ramanoël, Guillaume Tatur, Anthony Ozier-Lafontaine, José-Alain Sahel, Angelo Arleo
bioRxiv 2020.02.12.945808; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.12.945808
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Modulation of spatial cue processing across the lifespan: a geometric polarization of space restores allocentric navigation strategies in children and older adults
Marcia Bécu, Denis Sheynikhovich, Stephen Ramanoël, Guillaume Tatur, Anthony Ozier-Lafontaine, José-Alain Sahel, Angelo Arleo
bioRxiv 2020.02.12.945808; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.12.945808

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