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Single cell RNA sequencing of 13 human tissues identify cell types and receptors of human coronaviruses

View ORCID ProfileFurong Qi, Shen Qian, Shuye Zhang, Zheng Zhang
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.16.951913
Furong Qi
1Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518100, China
2The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518112, China
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Shen Qian
1Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518100, China
2The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518112, China
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Shuye Zhang
3Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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  • For correspondence: zhangzheng1975@aliyun.com zhangshuye@shphc.org.cn
Zheng Zhang
1Institute of Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518100, China
2The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518112, China
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  • For correspondence: zhangzheng1975@aliyun.com zhangshuye@shphc.org.cn
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Abstract

The new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak from December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei, China, has been declared a global public health emergency. Angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), is the host receptor by 2019-nCov to infect human cells. Although ACE2 is reported to be expressed in lung, liver, stomach, ileum, kidney and colon, its expressing levels are rather low, especially in the lung. 2019-nCoV may use co-receptors/auxiliary proteins as ACE2 partner to facilitate the virus entry. To identify the potential candidates, we explored the single cell gene expression atlas including 119 cell types of 13 human tissues and analyzed the single cell co-expression spectrum of 51 reported RNA virus receptors and 400 other membrane proteins. Consistent with other recent reports, we confirmed that ACE2 was mainly expressed in lung AT2, liver cholangiocyte, colon colonocytes, esophagus keratinocytes, ileum ECs, rectum ECs, stomach epithelial cells, and kidney proximal tubules. Intriguingly, we found that the candidate co-receptors, manifesting the most similar expression patterns with ACE2 across 13 human tissues, are all peptidases, including ANPEP, DPP4 and ENPEP. Among them, ANPEP and DPP4 are the known receptors for human CoVs, suggesting ENPEP as another potential receptor for human CoVs. We also conducted “CellPhoneDB” analysis to understand the cell crosstalk between CoV-targets and their surrounding cells across different tissues. We found that macrophages frequently communicate with the CoVs targets through chemokine and phagocytosis signaling, highlighting the importance of tissue macrophages in immune defense and immune pathogenesis.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted February 21, 2020.
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Single cell RNA sequencing of 13 human tissues identify cell types and receptors of human coronaviruses
Furong Qi, Shen Qian, Shuye Zhang, Zheng Zhang
bioRxiv 2020.02.16.951913; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.16.951913
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Single cell RNA sequencing of 13 human tissues identify cell types and receptors of human coronaviruses
Furong Qi, Shen Qian, Shuye Zhang, Zheng Zhang
bioRxiv 2020.02.16.951913; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.16.951913

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