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Isolation and Characterization of 2019-nCoV-like Coronavirus from Malayan Pangolins

Kangpeng Xiao, Junqiong Zhai, Yaoyu Feng, Niu Zhou, Xu Zhang, Jie-Jian Zou, Na Li, Yaqiong Guo, Xiaobing Li, Xuejuan Shen, Zhipeng Zhang, Fanfan Shu, Wanyi Huang, Yu Li, Ziding Zhang, Rui-Ai Chen, Ya-Jiang Wu, Shi-Ming Peng, Mian Huang, Wei-Jun Xie, Qin-Hui Cai, Fang-Hui Hou, Yahong Liu, Wu Chen, Lihua Xiao, View ORCID ProfileYongyi Shen
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.17.951335
Kangpeng Xiao
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Junqiong Zhai
3Guangzhou Zoo, Guangzhou 510070, China
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Yaoyu Feng
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Niu Zhou
3Guangzhou Zoo, Guangzhou 510070, China
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Xu Zhang
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Jie-Jian Zou
5Guangdong provincial wildlife rescue center, Guangzhou 510520, China
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Na Li
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Yaqiong Guo
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Xiaobing Li
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Xuejuan Shen
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Zhipeng Zhang
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Fanfan Shu
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Wanyi Huang
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Yu Li
4State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Ziding Zhang
4State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Rui-Ai Chen
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
6Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing 526238, China
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Ya-Jiang Wu
3Guangzhou Zoo, Guangzhou 510070, China
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Shi-Ming Peng
3Guangzhou Zoo, Guangzhou 510070, China
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Mian Huang
3Guangzhou Zoo, Guangzhou 510070, China
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Wei-Jun Xie
3Guangzhou Zoo, Guangzhou 510070, China
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Qin-Hui Cai
3Guangzhou Zoo, Guangzhou 510070, China
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Fang-Hui Hou
5Guangdong provincial wildlife rescue center, Guangzhou 510520, China
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Yahong Liu
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Wu Chen
3Guangzhou Zoo, Guangzhou 510070, China
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  • For correspondence: shenyy@scau.edu.cn lxiao@scau.edu.cn guangzhouchenwu@sina.com
Lihua Xiao
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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  • For correspondence: shenyy@scau.edu.cn lxiao@scau.edu.cn guangzhouchenwu@sina.com
Yongyi Shen
1College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
2Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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  • ORCID record for Yongyi Shen
  • For correspondence: shenyy@scau.edu.cn lxiao@scau.edu.cn guangzhouchenwu@sina.com
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Abstract

The outbreak of 2019-nCoV in the central Chinese city of Wuhan at the end of 2019 poses unprecedent public health challenges to both China and the rest world1. The new coronavirus shares high sequence identity to SARS-CoV and a newly identified bat coronavirus2. While bats may be the reservoir host for various coronaviruses, whether 2019-nCoV has other hosts is still ambiguous. In this study, one coronavirus isolated from Malayan pangolins showed 100%, 98.2%, 96.7% and 90.4% amino acid identity with 2019-nCoV in the E, M, N and S genes, respectively. In particular, the receptor-binding domain of the S protein of the Pangolin-CoV is virtually identical to that of 2019-nCoV, with one amino acid difference. Comparison of available genomes suggests 2019-nCoV might have originated from the recombination of a Pangolin-CoV-like virus with a Bat-CoV-RaTG13-like virus. Infected pangolins showed clinical signs and histopathological changes, and the circulating antibodies reacted with the S protein of 2019-nCoV. The isolation of a coronavirus that is highly related to 2019-nCoV in the pangolins suggests that these animals have the potential to act as the intermediate host of 2019-nCoV. The newly identified coronavirus in the most-trafficked mammal could represent a continuous threat to public health if wildlife trade is not effectively controlled.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted February 20, 2020.
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Isolation and Characterization of 2019-nCoV-like Coronavirus from Malayan Pangolins
Kangpeng Xiao, Junqiong Zhai, Yaoyu Feng, Niu Zhou, Xu Zhang, Jie-Jian Zou, Na Li, Yaqiong Guo, Xiaobing Li, Xuejuan Shen, Zhipeng Zhang, Fanfan Shu, Wanyi Huang, Yu Li, Ziding Zhang, Rui-Ai Chen, Ya-Jiang Wu, Shi-Ming Peng, Mian Huang, Wei-Jun Xie, Qin-Hui Cai, Fang-Hui Hou, Yahong Liu, Wu Chen, Lihua Xiao, Yongyi Shen
bioRxiv 2020.02.17.951335; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.17.951335
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Isolation and Characterization of 2019-nCoV-like Coronavirus from Malayan Pangolins
Kangpeng Xiao, Junqiong Zhai, Yaoyu Feng, Niu Zhou, Xu Zhang, Jie-Jian Zou, Na Li, Yaqiong Guo, Xiaobing Li, Xuejuan Shen, Zhipeng Zhang, Fanfan Shu, Wanyi Huang, Yu Li, Ziding Zhang, Rui-Ai Chen, Ya-Jiang Wu, Shi-Ming Peng, Mian Huang, Wei-Jun Xie, Qin-Hui Cai, Fang-Hui Hou, Yahong Liu, Wu Chen, Lihua Xiao, Yongyi Shen
bioRxiv 2020.02.17.951335; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.17.951335

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