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Photon-directed Multiplexed Enzymatic DNA Synthesis for Molecular Digital Data Storage

View ORCID ProfileHowon Lee, View ORCID ProfileDaniel J. Wiegand, View ORCID ProfileKettner Griswold, View ORCID ProfileSukanya Punthambaker, Honggu Chun, View ORCID ProfileRichie E. Kohman, View ORCID ProfileGeorge M. Church
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.19.956888
Howon Lee
1Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
2Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Daniel J. Wiegand
1Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
2Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Kettner Griswold
1Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
2Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
3MIT Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02139 MA, USA
4Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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Sukanya Punthambaker
1Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
2Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Honggu Chun
5Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, 466 Hana Science Hall, 145 Anamro, Seongbukgu, 02841, Seoul, South Korea
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Richie E. Kohman
1Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
2Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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  • For correspondence: richie.kohman@wyss.harvard.edu gchurch@genetics.med.harvard.edu
George M. Church
1Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
2Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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  • For correspondence: richie.kohman@wyss.harvard.edu gchurch@genetics.med.harvard.edu
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Abstract

New storage technologies are needed to keep up with the global demands of data generation. DNA is an ideal storage medium due to its stability, information density and ease of readout with advanced sequencing techniques. However, progress in writing DNA is stifled by the continued reliance on chemical synthesis methods. The enzymatic synthesis of DNA is a promising alternative, but thus far has not been well demonstrated in a highly parallelized manner. Here, we report a novel multiplexed enzymatic DNA synthesis method using maskless photolithography. Rapid uncaging of Co2+ ions by patterned UV light activates Terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase (TdT) for spatially-selective synthesis on an array surface. Spontaneous quenching of reactions by the diffusion of excess caging molecules confines synthesis to light patterns and controls the extension length. We show that our multiplexed synthesis method can be used to store digital data by encoding 12 unique DNA oligonucleotide sequences with music from the 1985 Nintendo video game Super Mario Brothers™, which is equivalent to 84 trits or 110 bits of data.

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Posted February 20, 2020.
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Photon-directed Multiplexed Enzymatic DNA Synthesis for Molecular Digital Data Storage
Howon Lee, Daniel J. Wiegand, Kettner Griswold, Sukanya Punthambaker, Honggu Chun, Richie E. Kohman, George M. Church
bioRxiv 2020.02.19.956888; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.19.956888
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Photon-directed Multiplexed Enzymatic DNA Synthesis for Molecular Digital Data Storage
Howon Lee, Daniel J. Wiegand, Kettner Griswold, Sukanya Punthambaker, Honggu Chun, Richie E. Kohman, George M. Church
bioRxiv 2020.02.19.956888; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.19.956888

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