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Optimal Random Avoidance Strategy in Prey-Predator Interactions

Masato S. Abe, Minoru Kasada
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.04.976076
Masato S. Abe
1RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Nihonbashi 1-chome Mitsui Building, 15th floor, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan (Tel: +81-048-467-3627)
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  • For correspondence: masatoabee@gmail.com
Minoru Kasada
2Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University 6-3, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578 Japan
3Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Alte Fischerhuette 2, 16775, Stechlin, Germany
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Abstract

It has recently been reported that individual animals, ranging from insects to birds and mammals, exhibit a special class of random walks, known as Lévy walks, which can lead to higher search efficiency than normal random walks. However, the role of randomness or unpredictability in animal movements is not very well understood. In the present study, we used a theoretical framework to explore the advantage of Lévy walks in terms of avoidance behaviour in prey-predator interactions and analysed the conditions for maximising the prey’s survival rate. We showed that there is a trade-off relationship between the predictability of the prey’s movement and the length of time of exposure to predation risk, suggesting that it is difficult for prey to decrease both parameters in order to survive. Then, we demonstrated that the optimal degree of randomness in avoidance behaviour could change depending on the predator’s ability. In particular, Lévy walks resulted in higher survival rates than normal random walks and straight movements when the physical ability of the predators was high. This indicates that the advantage of Lévy walks may also be present in random avoidance behaviour and provides new insights into why Lévy walks can evolve in terms of randomness.

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Posted March 05, 2020.
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Optimal Random Avoidance Strategy in Prey-Predator Interactions
Masato S. Abe, Minoru Kasada
bioRxiv 2020.03.04.976076; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.04.976076
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Optimal Random Avoidance Strategy in Prey-Predator Interactions
Masato S. Abe, Minoru Kasada
bioRxiv 2020.03.04.976076; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.04.976076

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