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Monoclonal antibodies for the S2 subunit of spike of SARS-CoV cross-react with the newly-emerged SARS-CoV-2

Zhiqiang Zheng, Vanessa M. Monteil, Sebastian Maurer-Stroh, Chow Wenn Yew, Carol Leong, View ORCID ProfileNur Khairiah Mohd-Ismail, Suganya Cheyyatraivendran Arularasu, Vincent Tak Kwong Chow, Raymond Lin Tzer Pin, Ali Mirazimi, Wanjin Hong, Yee-Joo Tan
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.06.980037
Zhiqiang Zheng
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore.
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Vanessa M. Monteil
2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
3Public Health Agency of Sweden, Sweden
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Sebastian Maurer-Stroh
4Bioinformatics Institute (BII), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore
5Department of Biological Sciences (DBS), National University of Singapore.
6National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID), Singapore
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Chow Wenn Yew
7Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore
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Carol Leong
7Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore
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Nur Khairiah Mohd-Ismail
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore.
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  • ORCID record for Nur Khairiah Mohd-Ismail
Suganya Cheyyatraivendran Arularasu
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore.
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Vincent Tak Kwong Chow
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore.
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Raymond Lin Tzer Pin
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore.
6National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID), Singapore
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Ali Mirazimi
2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
3Public Health Agency of Sweden, Sweden
8National Veterinary Institute, Sweden
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Wanjin Hong
7Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore
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Yee-Joo Tan
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore.
7Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore
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  • For correspondence: yee_joo_tan@nuhs.edu.sg
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Abstract

The emergence of a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, at the end of 2019 has resulted in widespread human infections across the globe. While genetically distinct from SARS-CoV, the etiological agent that caused an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003, both coronaviruses exhibit receptor binding domain (RBD) conservation and utilize the same host cell receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), for virus entry. Therefore, it will be important to test the cross-reactivity of antibodies that have been previously generated against the surface spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV in order to aid research on the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2. Here, we show that an immunogenic domain in the S2 subunit of SARS-CoV S is highly conserved in multiple strains of SARS-CoV-2. Consistently, four murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) raised against this immunogenic SARS-CoV fragment were able to recognise the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 expressed in a mammalian cell line. Importantly, one of them (mAb 1A9) was demonstrated to detect S in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing that mAbs targeting the S2 domain of SARS-CoV can cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 and this observation is consistent with the high sequence conservation in the S2 subunit. These cross-reactive mAbs may serve as tools useful for SARS-CoV-2 research as well as for the development of diagnostic assays for its associated coronavirus disease COVID-19.

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Posted March 07, 2020.
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Monoclonal antibodies for the S2 subunit of spike of SARS-CoV cross-react with the newly-emerged SARS-CoV-2
Zhiqiang Zheng, Vanessa M. Monteil, Sebastian Maurer-Stroh, Chow Wenn Yew, Carol Leong, Nur Khairiah Mohd-Ismail, Suganya Cheyyatraivendran Arularasu, Vincent Tak Kwong Chow, Raymond Lin Tzer Pin, Ali Mirazimi, Wanjin Hong, Yee-Joo Tan
bioRxiv 2020.03.06.980037; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.06.980037
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Monoclonal antibodies for the S2 subunit of spike of SARS-CoV cross-react with the newly-emerged SARS-CoV-2
Zhiqiang Zheng, Vanessa M. Monteil, Sebastian Maurer-Stroh, Chow Wenn Yew, Carol Leong, Nur Khairiah Mohd-Ismail, Suganya Cheyyatraivendran Arularasu, Vincent Tak Kwong Chow, Raymond Lin Tzer Pin, Ali Mirazimi, Wanjin Hong, Yee-Joo Tan
bioRxiv 2020.03.06.980037; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.06.980037

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