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Cross-reactive antibody response between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infections

Huibin Lv, View ORCID ProfileNicholas C. Wu, Owen Tak-Yin Tsang, View ORCID ProfileMeng Yuan, Ranawaka A. P. M. Perera, Wai Shing Leung, Ray T. Y. So, Jacky Man Chun Chan, Garrick K. Yip, Thomas Shiu Hong Chik, Yiquan Wang, Chris Yau Chung Choi, Yihan Lin, Wilson W. Ng, Jincun Zhao, View ORCID ProfileLeo L. M. Poon, View ORCID ProfileJ. S. Malik Peiris, Ian A. Wilson, View ORCID ProfileChris K. P. Mok
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.15.993097
Huibin Lv
1HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Nicholas C. Wu
2Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Owen Tak-Yin Tsang
3Infectious Diseases Centre, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hospital Authority of Hong Kong
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Meng Yuan
2Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Ranawaka A. P. M. Perera
4School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Wai Shing Leung
3Infectious Diseases Centre, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hospital Authority of Hong Kong
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Ray T. Y. So
1HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Jacky Man Chun Chan
3Infectious Diseases Centre, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hospital Authority of Hong Kong
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Garrick K. Yip
1HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Thomas Shiu Hong Chik
3Infectious Diseases Centre, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hospital Authority of Hong Kong
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Yiquan Wang
1HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Chris Yau Chung Choi
3Infectious Diseases Centre, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hospital Authority of Hong Kong
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Yihan Lin
1HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Wilson W. Ng
1HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Jincun Zhao
5State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Leo L. M. Poon
1HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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J. S. Malik Peiris
1HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
4School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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  • For correspondence: malik@hku.hk wilson@scripps.edu ch02mkp@hku.hk
Ian A. Wilson
2Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
6The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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  • For correspondence: malik@hku.hk wilson@scripps.edu ch02mkp@hku.hk
Chris K. P. Mok
1HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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  • ORCID record for Chris K. P. Mok
  • For correspondence: malik@hku.hk wilson@scripps.edu ch02mkp@hku.hk
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Abstract

The World Health Organization has recently declared the ongoing outbreak of COVID-19, which is caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, as pandemic. There is currently a lack of knowledge in the antibody response elicited from SARS-CoV-2 infection. One major immunological question is concerning the antigenic differences between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. We address this question by using plasma from patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV, and plasma obtained from infected or immunized mice. Our results show that while cross-reactivity in antibody binding to the spike protein is common, cross-neutralization of the live viruses is rare, indicating the presence of non-neutralizing antibody response to conserved epitopes in the spike. Whether these non-neutralizing antibody responses will lead to antibody-dependent disease enhancement needs to be addressed in the future. Overall, this study not only addresses a fundamental question regarding the antigenicity differences between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, but also has important implications in vaccine development.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted March 17, 2020.
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Cross-reactive antibody response between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infections
Huibin Lv, Nicholas C. Wu, Owen Tak-Yin Tsang, Meng Yuan, Ranawaka A. P. M. Perera, Wai Shing Leung, Ray T. Y. So, Jacky Man Chun Chan, Garrick K. Yip, Thomas Shiu Hong Chik, Yiquan Wang, Chris Yau Chung Choi, Yihan Lin, Wilson W. Ng, Jincun Zhao, Leo L. M. Poon, J. S. Malik Peiris, Ian A. Wilson, Chris K. P. Mok
bioRxiv 2020.03.15.993097; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.15.993097
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Cross-reactive antibody response between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infections
Huibin Lv, Nicholas C. Wu, Owen Tak-Yin Tsang, Meng Yuan, Ranawaka A. P. M. Perera, Wai Shing Leung, Ray T. Y. So, Jacky Man Chun Chan, Garrick K. Yip, Thomas Shiu Hong Chik, Yiquan Wang, Chris Yau Chung Choi, Yihan Lin, Wilson W. Ng, Jincun Zhao, Leo L. M. Poon, J. S. Malik Peiris, Ian A. Wilson, Chris K. P. Mok
bioRxiv 2020.03.15.993097; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.15.993097

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