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Analysis of Serologic Cross-Reactivity Between Common Human Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 Using Coronavirus Antigen Microarray

View ORCID ProfileSaahir Khan, View ORCID ProfileRie Nakajima, Aarti Jain, Rafael Ramiro de Assis, Al Jasinskas, View ORCID ProfileJoshua M. Obiero, View ORCID ProfileOluwasanmi Adenaiye, Sheldon Tai, View ORCID ProfileFilbert Hong, View ORCID ProfileDonald K. Milton, Huw Davies, View ORCID ProfilePhilip L. Felgner, Prometheus Study Group
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.24.006544
Saahir Khan
1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine Health, Orange, CA
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  • For correspondence: saahirk@uci.edu
Rie Nakajima
2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA
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Aarti Jain
2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA
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Rafael Ramiro de Assis
2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA
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Al Jasinskas
2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA
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Joshua M. Obiero
2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA
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Oluwasanmi Adenaiye
3Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
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Sheldon Tai
3Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
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Filbert Hong
3Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
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Donald K. Milton
3Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
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Huw Davies
2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA
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Philip L. Felgner
2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA
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  • ORCID record for Philip L. Felgner
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Abstract

The current practice for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection relies on PCR testing of nasopharyngeal or respiratory specimens in a symptomatic patient at high epidemiologic risk. This testing strategy likely underestimates the true prevalence of infection, creating the need for serologic methods to detect infections missed by the limited testing to date. Here, we describe the development of a coronavirus antigen microarray containing immunologically significant antigens from SARS-CoV-2, in addition to SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, common human coronavirus strains, and other common respiratory viruses. A preliminary study of human sera collected prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic demonstrates overall high IgG reactivity to common human coronaviruses and low IgG reactivity to epidemic coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2, with some cross-reactivity of conserved antigenic domains including S2 domain of spike protein and nucleocapsid protein. This array can be used to answer outstanding questions regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection, including whether baseline serology for other coronaviruses impacts disease course, how the antibody response to infection develops over time, and what antigens would be optimal for vaccine development.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted March 25, 2020.
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Analysis of Serologic Cross-Reactivity Between Common Human Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 Using Coronavirus Antigen Microarray
Saahir Khan, Rie Nakajima, Aarti Jain, Rafael Ramiro de Assis, Al Jasinskas, Joshua M. Obiero, Oluwasanmi Adenaiye, Sheldon Tai, Filbert Hong, Donald K. Milton, Huw Davies, Philip L. Felgner, Prometheus Study Group
bioRxiv 2020.03.24.006544; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.24.006544
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Analysis of Serologic Cross-Reactivity Between Common Human Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 Using Coronavirus Antigen Microarray
Saahir Khan, Rie Nakajima, Aarti Jain, Rafael Ramiro de Assis, Al Jasinskas, Joshua M. Obiero, Oluwasanmi Adenaiye, Sheldon Tai, Filbert Hong, Donald K. Milton, Huw Davies, Philip L. Felgner, Prometheus Study Group
bioRxiv 2020.03.24.006544; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.24.006544

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