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Secreted TAL effectors protect symbiotic bacteria from entrapment within fungal hyphae

View ORCID ProfileIngrid Richter, Zerrin Uzum, View ORCID ProfileClaire E. Stanley, Nadine Moebius, View ORCID ProfileTimothy P. Stinear, View ORCID ProfileSacha J. Pidot, View ORCID ProfileIuliia Ferling, View ORCID ProfileFalk Hillmann, View ORCID ProfileChristian Hertweck
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.28.013177
Ingrid Richter
1Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Jena, Germany
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Zerrin Uzum
1Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Jena, Germany
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Claire E. Stanley
2Plant – Soil Interactions, Agroecology and Environment Research Division, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
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Nadine Moebius
1Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Jena, Germany
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Timothy P. Stinear
3Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Sacha J. Pidot
3Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Iuliia Ferling
4Junior Research Group Evolution of Microbial Interactions, HKI, Jena, Germany
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Falk Hillmann
4Junior Research Group Evolution of Microbial Interactions, HKI, Jena, Germany
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Christian Hertweck
1Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Jena, Germany
5Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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  • For correspondence: Christian.Hertweck@leibniz-hki.de
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Abstract

The association of the agriculturally significant phytopathogenic fungus Rhizopus microsporus with the bacterial endosymbiont Burkholderia rhizoxinica is a remarkable example of bacteria controlling host physiology and reproduction. Here, we show that a group of transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) called Burkholderia TALE-like proteins (BATs) from B. rhizoxinica are essential for the establishment of the symbiosis. Mutants lacking BAT proteins are unable to induce host sporulation. Utilising novel microfluidic devices in combination with fluorescence microscopy we observed the accumulation of BAT-deficient mutants in specific fungal side-hyphae with accompanying increased fungal re-infection. High-resolution live imaging revealed septa biogenesis at the base of infected hyphae leading to compartmental trapping of BATdeficient endobacteria. Trapped endosymbionts showed reduced intracellular survival, suggesting a protective response from the fungal host against bacteria lacking specific effectors. These findings underscore the involvement of BAT proteins in maintaining a balance between mutualism and antagonism in bacterial-fungal interactions and provide deeper insights into the dynamic interactions between bacteria and eukaryotes.

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Posted March 29, 2020.
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Secreted TAL effectors protect symbiotic bacteria from entrapment within fungal hyphae
Ingrid Richter, Zerrin Uzum, Claire E. Stanley, Nadine Moebius, Timothy P. Stinear, Sacha J. Pidot, Iuliia Ferling, Falk Hillmann, Christian Hertweck
bioRxiv 2020.03.28.013177; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.28.013177
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Secreted TAL effectors protect symbiotic bacteria from entrapment within fungal hyphae
Ingrid Richter, Zerrin Uzum, Claire E. Stanley, Nadine Moebius, Timothy P. Stinear, Sacha J. Pidot, Iuliia Ferling, Falk Hillmann, Christian Hertweck
bioRxiv 2020.03.28.013177; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.28.013177

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