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Potent Antiviral Activities of Type I Interferons to SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Emily Mantlo, Natalya Bukreyeva, Junki Maruyama, Slobodan Paessler, Cheng Huang
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.02.022764
Emily Mantlo
1Department of Pathology and University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
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Natalya Bukreyeva
1Department of Pathology and University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
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Junki Maruyama
1Department of Pathology and University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
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Slobodan Paessler
1Department of Pathology and University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
2Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
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Cheng Huang
1Department of Pathology and University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
2Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
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  • For correspondence: chhuang@utmb.edu
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Abstract

The ongoing historic outbreak of COVID-19 not only constitutes a global public health crisis, but also carries a devastating social and economic impact. The disease is caused by a newly identified coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There is an urgent need to identify antivirals to curtail the COVID-19 pandemic. Herein, we report the remarkable sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 to recombinant human interferons α and β (IFNα/β). Treatment with IFN-α at a concentration of 50 international units (IU) per milliliter drastically reduces viral titers by 3.4 log or over 4 log, respectively, in Vero cells. The EC50 of IFN-α and IFN-β treatment is 1.35 IU/ml and 0.76 IU/ml, respectively, in Vero cells. These results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 is more sensitive than many other human pathogenic viruses, including SARS-CoV. Overall, our results demonstrate the potent efficacy of human Type I IFN in suppressing SARS-CoV-2 infection, a finding which could inform future treatment options for COVID-19.

Footnotes

  • 1) provide author's address 2) key words 3) abstract 4) updated method 5) provided new data to compare the IFN sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 to VSV 5) new reference

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted April 05, 2020.
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Potent Antiviral Activities of Type I Interferons to SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Emily Mantlo, Natalya Bukreyeva, Junki Maruyama, Slobodan Paessler, Cheng Huang
bioRxiv 2020.04.02.022764; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.02.022764
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Potent Antiviral Activities of Type I Interferons to SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Emily Mantlo, Natalya Bukreyeva, Junki Maruyama, Slobodan Paessler, Cheng Huang
bioRxiv 2020.04.02.022764; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.02.022764

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