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Blocking antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 RBD isolated from a phage display antibody library using a competitive biopanning strategy

Xin Zeng, Lingfang Li, Jing Lin, Xinlei Li, Bin Liu, Yang Kong, Shunze Zeng, Jianhua Du, Huahong Xiao, Tao Zhang, Shelin Zhang, Jianghai Liu
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.19.049643
Xin Zeng
1School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
2ABLINK Biotech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
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Lingfang Li
2ABLINK Biotech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
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Jing Lin
2ABLINK Biotech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
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Xinlei Li
1School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
2ABLINK Biotech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
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Bin Liu
2ABLINK Biotech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
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Yang Kong
2ABLINK Biotech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
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Shunze Zeng
2ABLINK Biotech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
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Jianhua Du
2ABLINK Biotech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
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Huahong Xiao
2ABLINK Biotech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
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Tao Zhang
1School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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Shelin Zhang
3Kezhi People’s Air-Defense Equipment Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
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Jianghai Liu
1School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
2ABLINK Biotech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
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  • For correspondence: jianghai.liu@cmc.edu.cn
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Abstract

The infection of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have caused more than 150,000 deaths, but no vaccine or specific therapeutic antibody is currently available. SARS-CoV-2 relies on its spike protein, in particular the receptor binding domain (RBD), to bind human cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for viral entry, and thus targeting RBD holds the promise for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this work, a competitive biopanning strategy of a phage display antibody library was applied to screen blocking antibodies against RBD. High-affinity antibodies were enriched after the first round using a standard panning process in which RBD-His recombinant protein was immobilized as a bait. At the next two rounds, immobilized ACE2-Fc and free RBD-His proteins were mixed with the enriched phage antibodies. Antibodies binding to RBD at epitopes different from ACE2-binding site were captured by the immobilized ACE2-Fc, forming a “sandwich” complex. Only antibodies competed with ACE2 for recognizing RBD at the same or similar epitopes can bind to the free RBD-His in the supernatant and be subsequently separated by the Ni-NTA magnetic beads. Top 1 lead from the competitive biopanning of a synthetic antibody library, Lib AB1, was produced as the full-length IgG1 format. It was proved to competitively block the binding of RBD to ACE2 protein, and potently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection of ACE2-overexpressing Hela cells with IC50 values of 12nM. Nevertheless, top 1 lead from the standard biopanning of Lib AB1, can only bind to RBD in vitro but not have the blocking or neutralization activity. Our strategy can efficiently isolate the blocking antibodies of RBD, and it would speed up the discovery of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted April 20, 2020.
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Blocking antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 RBD isolated from a phage display antibody library using a competitive biopanning strategy
Xin Zeng, Lingfang Li, Jing Lin, Xinlei Li, Bin Liu, Yang Kong, Shunze Zeng, Jianhua Du, Huahong Xiao, Tao Zhang, Shelin Zhang, Jianghai Liu
bioRxiv 2020.04.19.049643; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.19.049643
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Blocking antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 RBD isolated from a phage display antibody library using a competitive biopanning strategy
Xin Zeng, Lingfang Li, Jing Lin, Xinlei Li, Bin Liu, Yang Kong, Shunze Zeng, Jianhua Du, Huahong Xiao, Tao Zhang, Shelin Zhang, Jianghai Liu
bioRxiv 2020.04.19.049643; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.19.049643

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