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A mouse bio-electronic nose for sensitive and versatile chemical detection

View ORCID ProfileErez Shor, Pedro Herrero-Vidal, View ORCID ProfileAdam Dewan, Ilke Uguz, Vincenzo F. Curto, View ORCID ProfileGeorge G. Malliaras, View ORCID ProfileCristina Savin, View ORCID ProfileThomas Bozza, View ORCID ProfileDmitry Rinberg
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.06.079772
Erez Shor
1Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Pedro Herrero-Vidal
1Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
2Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003
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Adam Dewan
3Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
4Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306
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Ilke Uguz
5Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, 5798 New York, NY 10027
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Vincenzo F. Curto
6Division of Electrical Engineering, Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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George G. Malliaras
6Division of Electrical Engineering, Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Cristina Savin
2Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003
7Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10003
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Thomas Bozza
3Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
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Dmitry Rinberg
1Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
2Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003
8Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY 10003
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  • For correspondence: rinberg@nyu.edu
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Abstract

When it comes to simultaneous versatility, speed, and specificity in detecting volatile chemicals, biological olfactory systems far outperform all artificial chemical detection devices. Consequently, the use of trained animals for chemical detection in security, defense, healthcare, agriculture, and other applications has grown astronomically. However, the use of animals in this capacity requires extensive training and behavior-based communication. Here we propose an alternative strategy, a bio-electronic nose, that capitalizes on the superior capability of the mammalian olfactory system, but bypasses behavioral output by reading olfactory information directly from the brain. We engineered a brain-machine interface that captures neuronal signals from an early stage of olfactory processing in awake mice, and used machine learning techniques to form a sensitive and selective chemical detector. We chronically implanted a grid electrode array on the surface of the mouse olfactory bulb and systematically recorded responses to a large battery of odorants and odorant mixtures across a wide range of concentrations. The bio-electronic nose has a comparable sensitivity to the trained animal and can detect odors on a variable background. We also introduce a novel genetic engineering approach designed to improve the sensitivity of our bio-electronic nose for specific chemical targets. Our bio-electronic nose outperforms current detection methods and unlocks a wide spectrum of civil, medical and environmental applications.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted May 08, 2020.
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A mouse bio-electronic nose for sensitive and versatile chemical detection
Erez Shor, Pedro Herrero-Vidal, Adam Dewan, Ilke Uguz, Vincenzo F. Curto, George G. Malliaras, Cristina Savin, Thomas Bozza, Dmitry Rinberg
bioRxiv 2020.05.06.079772; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.06.079772
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A mouse bio-electronic nose for sensitive and versatile chemical detection
Erez Shor, Pedro Herrero-Vidal, Adam Dewan, Ilke Uguz, Vincenzo F. Curto, George G. Malliaras, Cristina Savin, Thomas Bozza, Dmitry Rinberg
bioRxiv 2020.05.06.079772; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.06.079772

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