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A series of five population-specific Indian brain templates and atlases spanning ages 6 to 60 years

View ORCID ProfileBharath Holla, Paul A. Taylor, Daniel R. Glen, John A. Lee, Nilakshi Vaidya, Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Pramod Pal, Jitender Saini, Naren P. Rao, Chirag Ahuja, Rebecca Kuriyan, Murali Krishna, Debashish Basu, Kartik Kalyanram, Amit Chakrabarti, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Gareth J. Barker, Robert W. Cox, Gunter Schumann, Rose Dawn Bharath, Vivek Benegal
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.08.077172
Bharath Holla
1National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
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  • ORCID record for Bharath Holla
  • For correspondence: hollabharath@gmail.com drrosedawnbharath@gmail.com
Paul A. Taylor
2Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Daniel R. Glen
2Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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John A. Lee
2Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Nilakshi Vaidya
1National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
9Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London (KCL), UK
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Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta
1National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
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Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
1National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
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Pramod Pal
1National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
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Jitender Saini
1National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
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Naren P. Rao
1National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
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Chirag Ahuja
3Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Rebecca Kuriyan
4St. John’s Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
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Murali Krishna
5CSI Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore, India; Foundation for Research and Advocacy in Mental Health, Mysore, India
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Debashish Basu
3Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Kartik Kalyanram
6Rishi Valley Rural Health Centre, Madanapalle, AP, India
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Amit Chakrabarti
7ICMR-Regional Occupational Health Centre, Kolkata, India
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Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos
8NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
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Gareth J. Barker
9Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London (KCL), UK
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Robert W. Cox
2Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Gunter Schumann
10Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), SGDP Centre, IoPPN, KCL, UK
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Rose Dawn Bharath
1National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
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  • For correspondence: hollabharath@gmail.com drrosedawnbharath@gmail.com
Vivek Benegal
1National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India
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Abstract

Anatomical brain templates are commonly used as references in neurological MRI studies, for bringing data into a common space for group-level statistics and coordinate reporting. Given the inherent variability in brain morphology across age and geography, it is important to have templates that are as representative as possible for both age and population. A representative-template increases the accuracy of alignment, decreases distortions as well as potential biases in final coordinate reports. In this study, we developed and validated a new set of T1w Indian brain templates (IBT) from a large number of brain scans (total n=466) acquired across different locations and multiple 3T MRI scanners in India. A new tool in AFNI, make_template_dask.py, was created to efficiently make five age-specific IBTs (ages 6-60 years) as well as maximum probability map (MPM) atlases for each template; for each age-group’s template-atlas pair, there is both a “population-average” and a “typical” version. Validation experiments on an independent Indian structural and functional-MRI dataset show the appropriateness of IBTs for spatial normalization of Indian brains. The results indicate significant structural differences when comparing the IBTs and MNI template, with these differences being maximal along the Anterior-Posterior and Inferior-Superior axes, but minimal Left-Right. For each age-group, the MPM brain atlases provide reasonably good representation of the native-space volumes in the IBT space, except in a few regions with high inter-subject variability. These findings provide evidence to support the use of age and population-specific templates in human brain mapping studies. This dataset is made publicly available (https://hollabharath.github.io/IndiaBrainTemplates).

Highlights

  1. A new set of age-specific T1w Indian brain templates for ages 6-60 yr are developed and validated.

  2. A new AFNI tool, make_template_dask.py, for the creation of group-based templates.

  3. Maximum probability map atlases are also provided for each template.

  4. Results indicate the appropriateness of Indian templates for spatial normalization of Indian brains

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3817045

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted August 10, 2020.
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A series of five population-specific Indian brain templates and atlases spanning ages 6 to 60 years
Bharath Holla, Paul A. Taylor, Daniel R. Glen, John A. Lee, Nilakshi Vaidya, Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Pramod Pal, Jitender Saini, Naren P. Rao, Chirag Ahuja, Rebecca Kuriyan, Murali Krishna, Debashish Basu, Kartik Kalyanram, Amit Chakrabarti, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Gareth J. Barker, Robert W. Cox, Gunter Schumann, Rose Dawn Bharath, Vivek Benegal
bioRxiv 2020.05.08.077172; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.08.077172
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A series of five population-specific Indian brain templates and atlases spanning ages 6 to 60 years
Bharath Holla, Paul A. Taylor, Daniel R. Glen, John A. Lee, Nilakshi Vaidya, Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Pramod Pal, Jitender Saini, Naren P. Rao, Chirag Ahuja, Rebecca Kuriyan, Murali Krishna, Debashish Basu, Kartik Kalyanram, Amit Chakrabarti, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Gareth J. Barker, Robert W. Cox, Gunter Schumann, Rose Dawn Bharath, Vivek Benegal
bioRxiv 2020.05.08.077172; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.08.077172

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