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Let it bud: an ultrastructural study of Cryptococcus neoformans surface during budding events

View ORCID ProfileGlauber R. de S. Araújo, Carolina de L. Alcantara, Noêmia Rodrigues, Wanderley de Souza, View ORCID ProfileBruno Pontes, View ORCID ProfileSusana Frases
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.15.098913
Glauber R. de S. Araújo
1Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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  • ORCID record for Glauber R. de S. Araújo
Carolina de L. Alcantara
1Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Noêmia Rodrigues
1Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Wanderley de Souza
1Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
3Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (CENABIO), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Bruno Pontes
2Laboratório de Pinças Óticas (LPO-COPEA), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
3Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (CENABIO), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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  • For correspondence: brunoaccpontes@gmail.com
Susana Frases
1Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Abstract

Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen that causes life-threatening infections in immunocompromised individuals. It is surrounded by three concentric structures that separate the cell from the extracellular space: the plasma membrane, the cell wall and the polysaccharide capsule. Although several studies have revealed the chemical composition of these structures, little is known about their ultrastructural organization and remodeling during C. neoformans budding event. Here, by combining the state-of-the-art in light and electron microscopy techniques we describe the morphological remodeling that occurs synergistically among the capsule, cell wall and plasma membrane during budding in C. neoformans. Our results show that the cell wall deforms to generate a specialized budding region at one of the cell’s poles. This region subsequently begins to break into layers that are slightly separated from each other and with thick tips. We also observe a reduction in density of the capsular polysaccharide around these specialized regions. Daughter cells present a distinct spatial organization, with polysaccharide fibers aligned in the direction of budding. In addition, to control the continuous openings between mother and daughter cells, the latter developed a strategy to shield themselves by forming multilamellar membrane structures in conjunction with their capsules. Together, our findings provide compelling ultrastructural evidence for a dynamic C. neoformans surface remodeling during budding and may have important implications for future studies exploring these remodeled specialized regions as drug-targets against cryptococcosis.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • ↵† These authors share the senior position

  • Susana Frases ✆ +55 (21) 3938-6593 ✉ susanafrases{at}biof.ufrj.br, Bruno Pontes ✆ +55 (21) 3938-6465 ✉ bpontes{at}icb.ufrj.br

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Posted May 16, 2020.
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Let it bud: an ultrastructural study of Cryptococcus neoformans surface during budding events
Glauber R. de S. Araújo, Carolina de L. Alcantara, Noêmia Rodrigues, Wanderley de Souza, Bruno Pontes, Susana Frases
bioRxiv 2020.05.15.098913; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.15.098913
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Let it bud: an ultrastructural study of Cryptococcus neoformans surface during budding events
Glauber R. de S. Araújo, Carolina de L. Alcantara, Noêmia Rodrigues, Wanderley de Souza, Bruno Pontes, Susana Frases
bioRxiv 2020.05.15.098913; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.15.098913

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