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Genetic Analysis of The Endangered Cleveland Bay Horse: A Century of Breeding Characterised by Pedigree and Microsatellite Data

Andrew Dell, Mark Curry, Kelly Yarnell, Gareth Starbuck, Philippe B. Wilson
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.19.104182
Andrew Dell
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Way, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7TS
2Rare Breeds Survival Trust, Stoneleigh Park, Stoneleigh, Warwickshire CV8 2LG
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  • For correspondence: andy.dell@btinternet.com PhilippeWilson@rbst.org.uk
Mark Curry
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Way, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7TS
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Kelly Yarnell
3School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Ln, Southwell, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF
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Gareth Starbuck
3School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Ln, Southwell, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF
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Philippe B. Wilson
2Rare Breeds Survival Trust, Stoneleigh Park, Stoneleigh, Warwickshire CV8 2LG
3School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Ln, Southwell, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF
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  • For correspondence: andy.dell@btinternet.com PhilippeWilson@rbst.org.uk
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Abstract

The Cleveland Bay horse is one of the oldest equines in the United Kingdom, with pedigree data going back almost 300 years. The studbook is essentially closed and because of this, there are concerns about loss of genetic variation across generations. The breed is one of five equine breeds listed as “critical” (<300 registered adult breeding females) by the UK Rare Breeds Survival Trust in their annual Watchlist. Due to their critically endangered status, the current breadth of their genetic diversity is of concern, and assessment of this can lead to improved breed management strategies. Herein, both genealogical and molecular methods are combined in order to assess founder representation, lineage, and allelic diversity. Data from 16 microsatellite loci from a reference population of 402 individuals determined a loss of 91% and 48% of stallion and dam lines, respectively in the reference population. Only 3 ancestors determine 50% of the genome in the living population, with 70% of maternal lineage being derived from 3 founder females, and all paternal lineages traced back to a single founder stallion. Methods and theory are described in detail in order to demonstrate the scope of this analysis for wider conservation strategies. We quantitatively demonstrate the critical nature of the genetic resources within the breed, and offer a perspective on implementing this data in considered breed management strategies.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted May 19, 2020.
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Genetic Analysis of The Endangered Cleveland Bay Horse: A Century of Breeding Characterised by Pedigree and Microsatellite Data
Andrew Dell, Mark Curry, Kelly Yarnell, Gareth Starbuck, Philippe B. Wilson
bioRxiv 2020.05.19.104182; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.19.104182
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Genetic Analysis of The Endangered Cleveland Bay Horse: A Century of Breeding Characterised by Pedigree and Microsatellite Data
Andrew Dell, Mark Curry, Kelly Yarnell, Gareth Starbuck, Philippe B. Wilson
bioRxiv 2020.05.19.104182; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.19.104182

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