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Classification of the glyphosate target enzyme (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase)

Lyydia Leino, Tuomas Tall, Marjo Helander, Irma Saloniemi, Kari Saikkonen, Suvi Ruuskanen, Pere Puigbò
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.27.118265
Lyydia Leino
1Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Tuomas Tall
1Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Marjo Helander
1Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Irma Saloniemi
1Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Kari Saikkonen
2Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Finland
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Suvi Ruuskanen
1Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Pere Puigbò
1Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
3Nutrition and Health Unit, Eurecat Technology Centre of Catalonia, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
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  • For correspondence: pepuav@utu.fi
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ABSTRACT

Glyphosate is the most common broad-spectrum herbicide. It targets the key enzyme of the shikimate pathway, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), which synthesizes three essential aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan) in plants. Because the shikimate pathway is also found in many prokaryotes and fungi, the widespread use of glyphosate may have unsuspected impacts on the diversity and composition of microbial communities, including the human gut microbiome. Here, we introduce the first bioinformatics method to assess the potential sensitivity of organisms to glyphosate based on the type of EPSPS enzyme. We have precomputed a dataset of EPSPS sequences from thousands of species that will be an invaluable resource to advancing the research field. This novel methodology can classify sequences from >90% of eukaryotes and >80% of prokaryotes. A conservative estimate from our results shows that 54% of species in the core human gut microbiome are sensitive to glyphosate.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • http://ppuigbo.me/programs/EPSPSClass/

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted May 30, 2020.
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Classification of the glyphosate target enzyme (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase)
Lyydia Leino, Tuomas Tall, Marjo Helander, Irma Saloniemi, Kari Saikkonen, Suvi Ruuskanen, Pere Puigbò
bioRxiv 2020.05.27.118265; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.27.118265
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Classification of the glyphosate target enzyme (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase)
Lyydia Leino, Tuomas Tall, Marjo Helander, Irma Saloniemi, Kari Saikkonen, Suvi Ruuskanen, Pere Puigbò
bioRxiv 2020.05.27.118265; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.27.118265

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