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Optimizing the Electric Field Strength in Multiple Targets for Multichannel Transcranial Electric Stimulation

View ORCID ProfileGuilherme B. Saturnino, View ORCID ProfileKristoffer H. Madsen, View ORCID ProfileAxel Thielscher
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.27.118422
Guilherme B. Saturnino
1Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
2Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Kristoffer H. Madsen
1Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
3Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Axel Thielscher
1Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
2Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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  • For correspondence: axelt@drcmr.dk
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Abstract

Objective Most approaches to optimize the electric field pattern generated by multichannel Transcranial Electric Stimulation (TES) require the definition of a preferred direction of the electric field in the target region(s). However, this requires knowledge about how the neural effects depend on the field direction, which is not always available. Thus, it can be preferential to optimize the field strength in the target(s), irrespective of the field direction. However, this results in a more complex optimization problem.

Approach We introduce and validate a novel optimization algorithm that maximizes focality while controlling the electric field strength in the target to maintain a defined value. It obeys the safety constraints, allows limiting the number of active electrodes and allows also for multi-target optimization.

Main Results The optimization algorithm outperformed naïve search approaches in both quality of the solution and computational efficiency. Using the amygdala as test case, we show that it allows for reaching a reasonable trade-off between focality and field strength in the target. In contrast, simply maximizing the field strength in the target results in far more extended fields. In addition, by maintaining the pre-defined field strengths in the targets, the new algorithm allows for a balanced stimulation of two or more regions.

Significance The novel algorithm can be used to automatically obtain individualized, optimal montages for targeting regions without the need to define preferential directions. It will automatically select the field direction that achieves the desired field strength in the target(s) with the most focal stimulation pattern.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted May 30, 2020.
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Optimizing the Electric Field Strength in Multiple Targets for Multichannel Transcranial Electric Stimulation
Guilherme B. Saturnino, Kristoffer H. Madsen, Axel Thielscher
bioRxiv 2020.05.27.118422; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.27.118422
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Optimizing the Electric Field Strength in Multiple Targets for Multichannel Transcranial Electric Stimulation
Guilherme B. Saturnino, Kristoffer H. Madsen, Axel Thielscher
bioRxiv 2020.05.27.118422; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.27.118422

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