Isolation of protein N-terminal peptides by charge-mediated position-selective enrichment using strong cation exchange chromatography

ABSTRACT

We developed a simple and rapid method to enrich protein N-terminal peptides, in which the protease TrypN is first employed to generate protein N-terminal peptides without Lys or Arg and internal peptides with two positive charges at their N-termini, and then the N-terminal peptides are separated from the internal peptides by means of CHArge-Mediated Position-selective (CHAMP) enrichment using strong cation exchange (SCX) chromatography. This CHAMP-SCX approach was applied to 20 μg of human HEK293T cell lysate proteins to profile the N-terminal proteome. On average, 1,550 acetylated and 200 unmodified protein N-terminal peptides were successfully identified in a single LC/MS/MS run with less than 3% contamination with internal peptides, even when we accepted only canonical protein N-termini registered in the Swiss-Prot database. Since this method involves only two steps, protein digestion and chromatographic separation, without the need for tedious chemical reactions, it should be useful for comprehensive profiling of protein N-termini, including proteoforms with neo-N-termini.