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An expanding manifold characterizes adolescent reconfigurations of structural connectome organization

View ORCID ProfileBo-yong Park, Richard A. I. Bethlehem, Casey Paquola, Sara Larivière, View ORCID ProfileRaul R. Cruces, Reinder Vos de Wael, Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network (NSPN) Consortium, Edward T. Bullmore, View ORCID ProfileBoris C. Bernhardt
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.22.165621
Bo-yong Park
aMcConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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  • For correspondence: boris.bernhardt@mcgill.ca bo.y.park@mcgill.ca
Richard A. I. Bethlehem
bAutism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
cBrain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Casey Paquola
aMcConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Sara Larivière
aMcConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Raul R. Cruces
aMcConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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  • ORCID record for Raul R. Cruces
Reinder Vos de Wael
aMcConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Edward T. Bullmore
cBrain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Boris C. Bernhardt
aMcConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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  • ORCID record for Boris C. Bernhardt
  • For correspondence: boris.bernhardt@mcgill.ca bo.y.park@mcgill.ca
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Abstract

Adolescence is a critical time for the continued maturation of brain networks. Here, we assessed structural connectome development in a large longitudinal sample ranging from late child- to young adulthood. Using novel techniques that project high-dimensional connectomes into compact manifold spaces, we could identify a marked expansion of structural connectomes with the strongest effects in transmodal regions during adolescence. Findings were reflected increased within-module connectivity together with increased segregation, indicating an increasing differentiation of higher order association networks from the rest of the brain. Projection of subcortico-cortical connectivity patterns into these manifolds showed parallel alterations in pathways centered on the caudate and thalamus. Connectome findings were contextualized via spatial transcriptome association analysis, highlighting genes enriched in cortex, thalamus, and striatum. Finally, we could show with statistical learning that cortico-subcortical manifold features at baseline and their maturational change predicted measures of intelligence at follow-up, supporting utility of connectome manifolds to bridge structural network reconfigurations and cognitive outcomes in adolescent development.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • ↵1 A complete list of investigators from the Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network (NSPN) Consortium can be found in the Supporting Information.

  • Additional analyses, revision & clarification of several sections.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted November 17, 2020.
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An expanding manifold characterizes adolescent reconfigurations of structural connectome organization
Bo-yong Park, Richard A. I. Bethlehem, Casey Paquola, Sara Larivière, Raul R. Cruces, Reinder Vos de Wael, Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network (NSPN) Consortium, Edward T. Bullmore, Boris C. Bernhardt
bioRxiv 2020.06.22.165621; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.22.165621
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An expanding manifold characterizes adolescent reconfigurations of structural connectome organization
Bo-yong Park, Richard A. I. Bethlehem, Casey Paquola, Sara Larivière, Raul R. Cruces, Reinder Vos de Wael, Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network (NSPN) Consortium, Edward T. Bullmore, Boris C. Bernhardt
bioRxiv 2020.06.22.165621; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.22.165621

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