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Evolution of nuptial gifts and its coevolutionary dynamics with “masculine” female traits for multiple mating

Yoshitaka Kamimura, Kazunori Yoshizawa, Charles Lienhard, Rodrigo L. Ferreira, Jun Abe
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.22.165837
Yoshitaka Kamimura
1Department of Biology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8521, Japan
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  • For correspondence: kamimura@fbc.keio.ac.jp
Kazunori Yoshizawa
2Systematic Entomology, School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
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Charles Lienhard
3Geneva Natural History Museum, CP 6434, CH-1211 Geneva 6, Switzerland
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Rodrigo L. Ferreira
4Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras, CEP 37200-000 Lavras (MG), Brazil
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Jun Abe
5Faculty of Liberal Arts, Meijigakuin University, Yokohama, Japan
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ABSTRACT

Many male animals donate nutritive materials during courtship or mating to their female mates. Donation of large-sized gifts, though costly to prepare, can result in increased sperm transfer during mating and delayed remating of the females, resulting in a higher paternity Nuptial gifting sometimes causes severe female-female competition for obtaining gifts (i.e., sex-role reversal in mate competition) and female polyandry, changing the intensity of sperm competition and the resultant paternity gains. We built a theoretical model to analyze such coevolutionary feedbacks between nuptial gift size (male trait) and propensity for multiple mating (female trait). Our genetically explicit, individual-based computer simulations demonstrate that a positive correlation between donated gift size and the resultant paternity gain is a requisite for the co-occurrence of large-sized gifts and females’ competitive multiple mating for the gifts. When donation of gifts imposes monandry, exaggeration in nuptial gift size also occurs under the assumption that the last male monopolizes paternity. We also analyzed the causes and consequences of the evolution of a female persistence trait in trading of nuptial gifts, that is, double receptacles for nuptial gifts known to occur in an insect group with a “female penis” (Neotrogla spp.).

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted June 23, 2020.
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Evolution of nuptial gifts and its coevolutionary dynamics with “masculine” female traits for multiple mating
Yoshitaka Kamimura, Kazunori Yoshizawa, Charles Lienhard, Rodrigo L. Ferreira, Jun Abe
bioRxiv 2020.06.22.165837; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.22.165837
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Evolution of nuptial gifts and its coevolutionary dynamics with “masculine” female traits for multiple mating
Yoshitaka Kamimura, Kazunori Yoshizawa, Charles Lienhard, Rodrigo L. Ferreira, Jun Abe
bioRxiv 2020.06.22.165837; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.22.165837

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