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Circadian photoperiod alters TREK-1 channel function and expression in dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons

Manuel A. Giannoni-Guzmán, Anna Kamitakahara, Valerie Magalong, Pat Levitt, Douglas G. McMahon
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.24.169532
Manuel A. Giannoni-Guzmán
1Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Anna Kamitakahara
2Department of Pediatrics and Program in Developmental Neuroscience and Neurogenetics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
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Valerie Magalong
2Department of Pediatrics and Program in Developmental Neuroscience and Neurogenetics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
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Pat Levitt
2Department of Pediatrics and Program in Developmental Neuroscience and Neurogenetics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
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Douglas G. McMahon
1Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
3Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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  • For correspondence: douglas.g.mcmahon@vanderbilt.edu
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Abstract

Seasonal daylength has been linked to the development and prevalence of mood disorders, however, the neural mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unknown. Previous work in our laboratory has shown that developmental exposure to seasonal photoperiods has enduring effects on the activity of mouse dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons, their intrinsic electrical properties, as well as on depression and anxiety-related behaviors. Here we focus on the possible ionic mechanisms that underlie the observed photoperiodic programming of the electrophysiological properties of serotonin neurons, focusing on the twin-pore K+ channels TREK-1 and TASK-1 that set resting membrane potential and regulate excitability. Using multielectrode array recordings in ex vivo dorsal raphe slices, we examined the effects of pharmacological inhibition of these channels on the spike rates of serotonin neurons of mice from different photoperiods. Pharmacological inhibition of TREK-1 significantly increased spike frequency in Short and Equinox photoperiod cohorts, but did not further elevate the firing rate in slices from Long photoperiod mice, suggesting that TREK-1 function is reduced in Long photoperiods. In contrast, inhibition of TASK-1 resulted in increases in firing rates across all photoperiods, suggesting that it contributes to setting excitability, but is not regulated by photoperiod. To examine if photoperiod impacts transcriptional regulation of TREK-1, we quantified Kcnk2 mRNA levels specifically in dorsal raphe 5-HT neurons using triple-label RNAscope. We found that Long photoperiod significantly reduced levels of Kcnk2 in serotonin neurons co-expressing Tph2, and Pet-1, Photoperiodic effects on the function and expression of TREK-1 were blocked in melatonin 1 receptor knockout (MT-1KO) mice, consistent with previous findings that MT-1 signaling is necessary for photoperiodic programming of dorsal raphe 5-HT neurons. Taken together these results indicate that photoperiodic regulation of TREK-1 expression and function plays a key role in photoperiodic programming the excitability of dorsal raphe 5-HT neurons.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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Posted June 28, 2020.
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Circadian photoperiod alters TREK-1 channel function and expression in dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons
Manuel A. Giannoni-Guzmán, Anna Kamitakahara, Valerie Magalong, Pat Levitt, Douglas G. McMahon
bioRxiv 2020.06.24.169532; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.24.169532
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Circadian photoperiod alters TREK-1 channel function and expression in dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons
Manuel A. Giannoni-Guzmán, Anna Kamitakahara, Valerie Magalong, Pat Levitt, Douglas G. McMahon
bioRxiv 2020.06.24.169532; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.24.169532

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