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The primary motor cortex prospectively computes the spinal reflex

View ORCID ProfileTatsuya Umeda, View ORCID ProfileTadashi Isa, View ORCID ProfileYukio Nishimura
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.29.170928
Tatsuya Umeda
1Department of Neurophysiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 1878502, Japan
2Department of Developmental Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 4448585, Japan
3Department of Integrated Neuroanatomy and Neuroimaging, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6068501, Japan
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  • For correspondence: umeda.tatsuya.4n@kyoto-u.ac.jp nishimura-yk@igakuken.or.jp
Tadashi Isa
2Department of Developmental Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 4448585, Japan
4Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6068501, Japan
5Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6068507, Japan
6Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6068510, Japan
7School of Life Science, the Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama, Kanagawa, 2400193, Japan
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Yukio Nishimura
2Department of Developmental Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 4448585, Japan
6Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 6068510, Japan
7School of Life Science, the Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama, Kanagawa, 2400193, Japan
8Neural Prosthetics Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo, 1568506, Japan
9PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama, 3320012, Japan
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  • ORCID record for Yukio Nishimura
  • For correspondence: umeda.tatsuya.4n@kyoto-u.ac.jp nishimura-yk@igakuken.or.jp
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Abstract

The spinal reflex transforms sensory signals to generate muscle activity. However, it is unknown how the motor cortex (MCx) takes the spinal reflex into account when performing voluntary limb movements. We simultaneously recorded the activity of the MCx, afferent neurons, and forelimb muscles in behaving monkeys. We decomposed muscle activity into subcomponents explained by the MCx or afferent activity using linear models. Long preceding activity in the MCx, which is responsible for subsequent afferent activity, had the same spatiotemporal contribution to muscle activity as afferent activity, indicating that the MCx drives muscle activity not only by direct descending activation but also by trans-afferent descending activation. Therefore, the MCx implements internal models that prospectively estimate muscle activation via the spinal reflex for precise movement control.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted June 29, 2020.
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The primary motor cortex prospectively computes the spinal reflex
Tatsuya Umeda, Tadashi Isa, Yukio Nishimura
bioRxiv 2020.06.29.170928; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.29.170928
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The primary motor cortex prospectively computes the spinal reflex
Tatsuya Umeda, Tadashi Isa, Yukio Nishimura
bioRxiv 2020.06.29.170928; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.29.170928

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