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The functional relevance of task-state functional connectivity

View ORCID ProfileMichael W. Cole, Takuya Ito, Carrisa Cocuzza, View ORCID ProfileRuben Sanchez-Romero
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.06.187245
Michael W. Cole
1Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
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  • For correspondence: michael.cole@rutgers.edu
Takuya Ito
1Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
2Behavioral and Neural Sciences PhD Program, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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Carrisa Cocuzza
1Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
2Behavioral and Neural Sciences PhD Program, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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Ruben Sanchez-Romero
1Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
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Abstract

Resting-state functional connectivity has provided substantial insight into intrinsic brain network organization, yet the functional importance of task-related change from that intrinsic network organization remains unclear. Indeed, such task-related changes are known to be small, suggesting they may have only minimal functional relevance. Alternatively, despite their small amplitude, these task-related changes may be essential for the human brain’s ability to adaptively alter its functionality via rapid changes in inter-regional relationships. We utilized activity flow mapping – an approach for building empirically-derived network models – to quantify the functional importance of task-state functional connectivity (above and beyond resting-state functional connectivity) in shaping cognitive task activations in the human brain. We found that task-state functional connectivity could be used to better predict independent fMRI activations across all 24 task conditions and all 360 cortical regions tested. Further, we found that prediction accuracy was strongly driven by individual-specific functional connectivity patterns, while functional connectivity patterns from other tasks (task-general functional connectivity) still improved predictions beyond resting-state functional connectivity. These findings suggest that task-related changes to functional connections play an important role in dynamically reshaping brain network organization, shifting the flow of neural activity during task performance.

Significance Statement Human cognition is highly dynamic, yet the human brain’s functional network organization is highly similar across rest and task states. We hypothesized that, despite this overall network stability, task-related changes from the brain’s intrinsic (resting-state) network organization strongly contribute to brain activations during cognitive task performance. Given that cognitive task activations emerge through network interactions, we leveraged connectivity-based models to predict independent cognitive task activations using resting-state versus task-state functional connectivity. This revealed that task-related changes in functional network organization increased prediction accuracy of cognitive task activations substantially, demonstrating their likely functional relevance for dynamic cognitive processes despite the small size of these task-related network changes.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted July 08, 2020.
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The functional relevance of task-state functional connectivity
Michael W. Cole, Takuya Ito, Carrisa Cocuzza, Ruben Sanchez-Romero
bioRxiv 2020.07.06.187245; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.06.187245
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The functional relevance of task-state functional connectivity
Michael W. Cole, Takuya Ito, Carrisa Cocuzza, Ruben Sanchez-Romero
bioRxiv 2020.07.06.187245; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.06.187245

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