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POPULATION GENOMICS REVEALS MOLECULAR DETERMINANTS OF SPECIALIZATION TO TOMATO IN THE POLYPHAGOUS FUNGAL PATHOGEN BOTRYTIS CINEREA

Alex Mercier, Adeline Simon, Nicolas Lapalu, Tatiana Giraud, Marc Bardin, View ORCID ProfileAnne-Sophie Walker, Muriel Viaud, Pierre Gladieux
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.219691
Alex Mercier
1Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR BIOGER, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
2Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
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Adeline Simon
1Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR BIOGER, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
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Nicolas Lapalu
1Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR BIOGER, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
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Tatiana Giraud
3Ecologie Systématique Evolution, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, 91400 Orsay, France
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Marc Bardin
4UR0407 Pathologie Végétale, INRAE, 84143 Montfavet, France
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Anne-Sophie Walker
1Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR BIOGER, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
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  • ORCID record for Anne-Sophie Walker
Muriel Viaud
1Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR BIOGER, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
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Pierre Gladieux
5UMR BGPI, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier Supagro, Université de Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France
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  • For correspondence: pierre.gladieux@inrae.fr
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Abstract

Many fungal plant pathogens encompass multiple populations specialized on different plant species. Understanding the factors underlying pathogen adaptation to their hosts is a major challenge of evolutionary microbiology, and it should help preventing the emergence of new specialized pathogens on novel hosts. Previous studies have shown that French populations of the grey mould pathogen Botrytis cinerea parasitizing tomato and grapevine are differentiated from each other, and have higher aggressiveness on their host-of-origin than on other hosts, indicating some degree of host specialization in this polyphagous pathogen. Here, we aimed at identifying the genomic features underlying the specialization of B. cinerea populations to tomato and grapevine. Based on whole genome sequences of 32 isolates, we confirmed the subdivision of B. cinerea pathogens into two genetic clusters on grapevine and another, single cluster on tomato. Levels of genetic variation in the different clusters were similar, suggesting that the tomato-specific cluster has not recently emerged following a bottleneck. Using genome scans for selective sweeps and divergent selection, tests of positive selection based on polymorphism and divergence at synonymous and non-synonymous sites and analyses of presence/absence variation, we identified several candidate genes that represent possible determinants of host specialization in the tomato-associated population. This work deepens our understanding of the genomic changes underlying the specialization of fungal pathogen populations.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted July 24, 2020.
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POPULATION GENOMICS REVEALS MOLECULAR DETERMINANTS OF SPECIALIZATION TO TOMATO IN THE POLYPHAGOUS FUNGAL PATHOGEN BOTRYTIS CINEREA
Alex Mercier, Adeline Simon, Nicolas Lapalu, Tatiana Giraud, Marc Bardin, Anne-Sophie Walker, Muriel Viaud, Pierre Gladieux
bioRxiv 2020.07.24.219691; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.219691
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POPULATION GENOMICS REVEALS MOLECULAR DETERMINANTS OF SPECIALIZATION TO TOMATO IN THE POLYPHAGOUS FUNGAL PATHOGEN BOTRYTIS CINEREA
Alex Mercier, Adeline Simon, Nicolas Lapalu, Tatiana Giraud, Marc Bardin, Anne-Sophie Walker, Muriel Viaud, Pierre Gladieux
bioRxiv 2020.07.24.219691; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.219691

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