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Young Infants Process Prediction Errors at the Theta Rhythm

View ORCID ProfileMoritz Köster, View ORCID ProfileMiriam Langeloh, View ORCID ProfileChristine Michel, View ORCID ProfileStefanie Hoehl
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.30.226902
Moritz Köster
aMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1A, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
bFreie Universität Berlin, Institute of Psychology, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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  • For correspondence: moritz.koester@fu-berlin.de
Miriam Langeloh
aMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1A, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
cHeidelberg University, Department of Psychology, Hauptstraße 47 – 51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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Christine Michel
aMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1A, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
dLeipzig University, Faculty of Education, Marschnerstrasse 21, 04109 Leipzig
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Stefanie Hoehl
aMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstrasse 1A, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
eUniversity of Vienna, Faculty of Psychology, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria
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Abstract

Examining how young infants respond to unexpected events, is key to our understanding of their emerging concepts about the world around them. Infants reliably show increased attention towards unexpected (i.e., unpredicted) events, which allows them to refine predictive models about their environment. Yet, the neural processing of prediction errors in the infant brain is not well understood. Here, we presented 9-month-olds (N = 36) a series of physical and social events with unexpected versus expected outcomes, while recording their electroencephalogram. We found a pronounced 4 – 5 Hz theta response for the processing of unexpected (in contrast to expected) events, for a prolonged time window (2 s) and across all scalp-recorded electrodes. These findings constitute critical evidence that the theta rhythm is involved in the processing of prediction errors from very early in human brain development, supporting infants’ refinement of basic concepts about the physical and social environment.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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Posted July 30, 2020.
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Young Infants Process Prediction Errors at the Theta Rhythm
Moritz Köster, Miriam Langeloh, Christine Michel, Stefanie Hoehl
bioRxiv 2020.07.30.226902; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.30.226902
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Young Infants Process Prediction Errors at the Theta Rhythm
Moritz Köster, Miriam Langeloh, Christine Michel, Stefanie Hoehl
bioRxiv 2020.07.30.226902; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.30.226902

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