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A Newcastle disease virus (NDV) expressing membrane-anchored spike as a cost-effective inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine

View ORCID ProfileWeina Sun, Stephen McCroskery, View ORCID ProfileWen-Chun Liu, View ORCID ProfileSarah R. Leist, Yonghong Liu, View ORCID ProfileRandy A. Albrecht, Stefan Slamanig, View ORCID ProfileJustine Oliva, View ORCID ProfileFatima Amanat, Alexandra Schäfer, Kenneth H. Dinnon III, View ORCID ProfileBruce L. Innis, View ORCID ProfileAdolfo García-Sastre, View ORCID ProfileFlorian Krammer, View ORCID ProfileRalph S. Baric, View ORCID ProfilePeter Palese
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.30.229120
Weina Sun
1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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  • ORCID record for Weina Sun
Stephen McCroskery
1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Wen-Chun Liu
1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
4Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Sarah R. Leist
7Department of Epidemiology; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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  • ORCID record for Sarah R. Leist
Yonghong Liu
1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Randy A. Albrecht
1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
4Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Stefan Slamanig
1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Justine Oliva
1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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  • ORCID record for Justine Oliva
Fatima Amanat
1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
2Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Alexandra Schäfer
7Department of Epidemiology; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Kenneth H. Dinnon III
7Department of Epidemiology; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Bruce L. Innis
8PATH, Washington, DC 20001, USA
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Adolfo García-Sastre
1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
3Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
4Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
5The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Florian Krammer
1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Ralph S. Baric
6Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
7Department of Epidemiology; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Peter Palese
1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
3Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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  • For correspondence: peter.palese@mssm.edu
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Abstract

A successful SARS-CoV-2 vaccine must be not only safe and protective but must also meet the demand on a global scale at low cost. Using the current influenza virus vaccine production capacity to manufacture an egg-based inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV)/SARS-CoV-2 vaccine would meet that challenge. Here, we report pre-clinical evaluations of an inactivated NDV chimera stably expressing the membrane-anchored form of the spike (NDV-S) as a potent COVID-19 vaccine in mice and hamsters. The inactivated NDV-S vaccine was immunogenic, inducing strong binding and/or neutralizing antibodies in both animal models. More importantly, the inactivated NDV-S vaccine protected animals from SARS-CoV-2 infections or significantly attenuated SARS-CoV-2 induced disease. In the presence of an adjuvant, antigen-sparing could be achieved, which would further reduce the cost while maintaining the protective efficacy of the vaccine.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted July 31, 2020.
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A Newcastle disease virus (NDV) expressing membrane-anchored spike as a cost-effective inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
Weina Sun, Stephen McCroskery, Wen-Chun Liu, Sarah R. Leist, Yonghong Liu, Randy A. Albrecht, Stefan Slamanig, Justine Oliva, Fatima Amanat, Alexandra Schäfer, Kenneth H. Dinnon III, Bruce L. Innis, Adolfo García-Sastre, Florian Krammer, Ralph S. Baric, Peter Palese
bioRxiv 2020.07.30.229120; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.30.229120
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A Newcastle disease virus (NDV) expressing membrane-anchored spike as a cost-effective inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
Weina Sun, Stephen McCroskery, Wen-Chun Liu, Sarah R. Leist, Yonghong Liu, Randy A. Albrecht, Stefan Slamanig, Justine Oliva, Fatima Amanat, Alexandra Schäfer, Kenneth H. Dinnon III, Bruce L. Innis, Adolfo García-Sastre, Florian Krammer, Ralph S. Baric, Peter Palese
bioRxiv 2020.07.30.229120; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.30.229120

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