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Comparative analyses of SARS-CoV-2 binding (IgG, IgM, IgA) and neutralizing antibodies from human serum samples

Livia Mazzini, Donata Martinuzzi, Inesa Hyseni, Giulia Lapini, Linda Benincasa, Pietro Piu, Claudia Maria Trombetta, Serena Marchi, Ilaria Razzano, Alessandro Manenti, Emanuele Montomoli
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.10.243717
Livia Mazzini
1VisMederi S.r.l., Siena, Italy
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  • For correspondence: alessandro.manenti@vismederiresearch.com livia.mazzini@vismederi.com
Donata Martinuzzi
2VisMederi Research S.r.l., Siena, Italy
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Inesa Hyseni
2VisMederi Research S.r.l., Siena, Italy
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Giulia Lapini
1VisMederi S.r.l., Siena, Italy
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Linda Benincasa
2VisMederi Research S.r.l., Siena, Italy
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Pietro Piu
1VisMederi S.r.l., Siena, Italy
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Claudia Maria Trombetta
3Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Serena Marchi
3Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Ilaria Razzano
2VisMederi Research S.r.l., Siena, Italy
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Alessandro Manenti
1VisMederi S.r.l., Siena, Italy
2VisMederi Research S.r.l., Siena, Italy
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  • For correspondence: alessandro.manenti@vismederiresearch.com livia.mazzini@vismederi.com
Emanuele Montomoli
1VisMederi S.r.l., Siena, Italy
2VisMederi Research S.r.l., Siena, Italy
3Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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ABSTRACT

A newly identified coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, emerged in December 2019 in Hubei Province, China, and quickly spread throughout the world; so far, it has caused more than 18 million cases of disease and 700,000 deaths. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is currently based on the detection of viral RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs by means of molecular-based assays, such as real-time RT-PCR. Furthermore, serological assays aimed at detecting different classes of antibodies constitute the best surveillance strategy for gathering information on the humoral immune response to infection and the spread of the virus through the population, in order to evaluate the immunogenicity of novel future vaccines and medicines for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 disease. The aim of this study was to determine SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in human serum samples by means of different commercial and in-house ELISA kits, in order to evaluate and compare their results first with one another and then with those yielded by functional assays using wild-type virus. It is important to know the level of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM, IgG and IgA antibodies in order to predict population immunity and possible cross-reactivity with other coronaviruses and to identify potentially infectious subjects. In addition, in a small sub-group of samples, we performed a subtyping Immunoglobulin G ELISA. Our data showed an excellent statistical correlation between the neutralization titer and the IgG, IgM and IgA ELISA response against the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein, confirming that antibodies against this portion of the virus spike protein are highly neutralizing and that the ELISA Receptor-Binding Domain-based assay can be used as a valid surrogate for the neutralization assay in laboratories which do not have Biosecurity level-3 facilities.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted August 10, 2020.
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Comparative analyses of SARS-CoV-2 binding (IgG, IgM, IgA) and neutralizing antibodies from human serum samples
Livia Mazzini, Donata Martinuzzi, Inesa Hyseni, Giulia Lapini, Linda Benincasa, Pietro Piu, Claudia Maria Trombetta, Serena Marchi, Ilaria Razzano, Alessandro Manenti, Emanuele Montomoli
bioRxiv 2020.08.10.243717; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.10.243717
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Comparative analyses of SARS-CoV-2 binding (IgG, IgM, IgA) and neutralizing antibodies from human serum samples
Livia Mazzini, Donata Martinuzzi, Inesa Hyseni, Giulia Lapini, Linda Benincasa, Pietro Piu, Claudia Maria Trombetta, Serena Marchi, Ilaria Razzano, Alessandro Manenti, Emanuele Montomoli
bioRxiv 2020.08.10.243717; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.10.243717

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