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High titers of multiple antibody isotypes against the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain and nucleoprotein associate with better neutralization

Maria G. Noval, Maria E. Kaczmarek, Akiko Koide, Bruno A. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Ping Louie, Takuya Tada, Takamitsu Hattori, Tatyana Panchenko, Larizbeth A. Romero, Kai Wen Teng, Andrew Bazley, Maren de Vries, Marie I. Samanovic, View ORCID ProfileJeffrey N. Weiser, Ioannis Aifantis, Joan Cangiarella, Mark J. Mulligan, Ludovic Desvignes, Meike Dittmann, Nathaniel R. Landau, Maria Aguero-Rosenfeld, Shohei Koide, Kenneth A. Stapleford
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.15.252353
Maria G. Noval
1Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Maria E. Kaczmarek
1Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Akiko Koide
2Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016
3Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Bruno A. Rodriguez-Rodriguez
1Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Ping Louie
4Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Takuya Tada
1Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Takamitsu Hattori
2Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016
5Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Tatyana Panchenko
2Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016
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Larizbeth A. Romero
5Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Kai Wen Teng
2Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016
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Andrew Bazley
5Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Maren de Vries
1Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Marie I. Samanovic
6New York University Langone Vaccine Center and New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Jeffrey N. Weiser
1Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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  • ORCID record for Jeffrey N. Weiser
Ioannis Aifantis
2Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016
4Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Joan Cangiarella
4Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Mark J. Mulligan
6New York University Langone Vaccine Center and New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Ludovic Desvignes
3Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
6New York University Langone Vaccine Center and New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
7Office of Science and Research, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016
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Meike Dittmann
1Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Nathaniel R. Landau
1Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Maria Aguero-Rosenfeld
4Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Shohei Koide
2Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016
5Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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  • For correspondence: kenneth.stapleford@nyumc.org
Kenneth A. Stapleford
1Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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  • For correspondence: kenneth.stapleford@nyumc.org
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Abstract

Understanding antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 is indispensable for the development of containment measures to overcome the current COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we determine the ability of sera from 101 recovered healthcare workers to neutralize both authentic SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus and address their antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein and spike receptor-binding domain. Interestingly, the majority of individuals have low neutralization capacity and only 6% of the healthcare workers showed high neutralizing titers against both authentic SARS-CoV-2 virus and the pseudotyped virus. We found the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection generates antigen-specific isotypes as well as a diverse combination of antibody isotypes, with high titers of IgG, IgM and IgA against both antigens correlating with neutralization capacity. Importantly, we found that neutralization correlated with antibody titers as quantified by ELISA. This suggests that an ELISA assay can be used to determine seroneutralization potential. Altogether, our work provides a snapshot of the SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody response in recovered healthcare workers and provides evidence that possessing multiple antibody isotypes may play an important role in SARS-CoV-2 neutralization.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted August 16, 2020.
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High titers of multiple antibody isotypes against the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain and nucleoprotein associate with better neutralization
Maria G. Noval, Maria E. Kaczmarek, Akiko Koide, Bruno A. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Ping Louie, Takuya Tada, Takamitsu Hattori, Tatyana Panchenko, Larizbeth A. Romero, Kai Wen Teng, Andrew Bazley, Maren de Vries, Marie I. Samanovic, Jeffrey N. Weiser, Ioannis Aifantis, Joan Cangiarella, Mark J. Mulligan, Ludovic Desvignes, Meike Dittmann, Nathaniel R. Landau, Maria Aguero-Rosenfeld, Shohei Koide, Kenneth A. Stapleford
bioRxiv 2020.08.15.252353; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.15.252353
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High titers of multiple antibody isotypes against the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain and nucleoprotein associate with better neutralization
Maria G. Noval, Maria E. Kaczmarek, Akiko Koide, Bruno A. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Ping Louie, Takuya Tada, Takamitsu Hattori, Tatyana Panchenko, Larizbeth A. Romero, Kai Wen Teng, Andrew Bazley, Maren de Vries, Marie I. Samanovic, Jeffrey N. Weiser, Ioannis Aifantis, Joan Cangiarella, Mark J. Mulligan, Ludovic Desvignes, Meike Dittmann, Nathaniel R. Landau, Maria Aguero-Rosenfeld, Shohei Koide, Kenneth A. Stapleford
bioRxiv 2020.08.15.252353; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.15.252353

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