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Laser Ablation of the Pia Mater for Insertion of High-Density Microelectrode Arrays in a Translational Sheep Model

View ORCID ProfileKevin M. Boergens, View ORCID ProfileAleksandar Tadić, Matthew S. Hopper, View ORCID ProfileKunal Sahasrabuddhe, Yifan Kong, View ORCID ProfileMalgorzata Straka, View ORCID ProfileHarbaljit S. Sohal, View ORCID ProfileMatthew R. Angle
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.27.269233
Kevin M. Boergens
1Paradromics, Inc., Austin, TX, USA
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  • For correspondence: kboergens@paradromics.com
Aleksandar Tadić
1Paradromics, Inc., Austin, TX, USA
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Matthew S. Hopper
1Paradromics, Inc., Austin, TX, USA
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Kunal Sahasrabuddhe
1Paradromics, Inc., Austin, TX, USA
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Yifan Kong
1Paradromics, Inc., Austin, TX, USA
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Malgorzata Straka
1Paradromics, Inc., Austin, TX, USA
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Harbaljit S. Sohal
1Paradromics, Inc., Austin, TX, USA
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Matthew R. Angle
1Paradromics, Inc., Austin, TX, USA
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Abstract

The safe insertion of high density intracortical electrode arrays has been a long-standing practical challenge for neural interface engineering and applications such as brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Here we describe a surgical procedure, inspired by laser corneal ablation, that can be used in large mammals to thin the pia mater, the innermost meningeal layer encapsulating the brain. This procedure allows for microelectrode arrays to be inserted into the cortex with less force, thus reducing deformation of underlying tissue during placement of the microelectrodes. We demonstrate that controlled pia removal over a small area of cortex allows for insertion of high-density electrode arrays and subsequent acute recordings of spiking neuron activity in sheep cortex. We also show histological and electrophysiological evidence that laser removal of the pia does not acutely affect neuronal viability in the region. This approach suggests a promising new path for clinical BCI with high-density microelectrode arrays.

Competing Interest Statement

All authors are current compensated employees of Paradromics, Inc., a brain-computer interface company.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted August 28, 2020.
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Laser Ablation of the Pia Mater for Insertion of High-Density Microelectrode Arrays in a Translational Sheep Model
Kevin M. Boergens, Aleksandar Tadić, Matthew S. Hopper, Kunal Sahasrabuddhe, Yifan Kong, Malgorzata Straka, Harbaljit S. Sohal, Matthew R. Angle
bioRxiv 2020.08.27.269233; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.27.269233
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Laser Ablation of the Pia Mater for Insertion of High-Density Microelectrode Arrays in a Translational Sheep Model
Kevin M. Boergens, Aleksandar Tadić, Matthew S. Hopper, Kunal Sahasrabuddhe, Yifan Kong, Malgorzata Straka, Harbaljit S. Sohal, Matthew R. Angle
bioRxiv 2020.08.27.269233; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.27.269233

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