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S-Trimer, a COVID-19 subunit vaccine candidate, induces protective immunity in nonhuman primates

Joshua G. Liang, Danmei Su, Tian-Zhang Song, Yilan Zeng, Weijin Huang, Jinhua Wu, Rong Xu, Peiwen Luo, Xiaofang Yang, Xiaodong Zhang, Shuangru Luo, Ying Liang, Xinglin Li, Jiaju Huang, Qiang Wang, Xueqin Huang, Qingsong Xu, Mei Luo, Anliang Huang, Dongxia Luo, Chenyan Zhao, Fan Yang, Jian-Bao Han, Yong-Tang Zheng, Peng Liang
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.24.311027
Joshua G. Liang
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Danmei Su
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Tian-Zhang Song
2Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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Yilan Zeng
3Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
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Weijin Huang
4Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
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Jinhua Wu
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Rong Xu
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Peiwen Luo
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Xiaofang Yang
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Xiaodong Zhang
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Shuangru Luo
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Ying Liang
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Xinglin Li
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Jiaju Huang
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Qiang Wang
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Xueqin Huang
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Qingsong Xu
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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Mei Luo
3Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
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Anliang Huang
5Department of Pathology, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Dongxia Luo
3Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
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Chenyan Zhao
4Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
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Fan Yang
5Department of Pathology, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Jian-Bao Han
2Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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Yong-Tang Zheng
2Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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Peng Liang
1Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
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  • For correspondence: liang.peng@cloverbiopharma.com
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Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 is the underlying cause for the COVID-19 pandemic. Like most enveloped RNA viruses, SARS-CoV-2 uses a homotrimeric surface antigen to gain entry into host cells. Here we describe S-Trimer, a native-like trimeric subunit vaccine candidate for COVID-19 based on Trimer-Tag technology. Immunization of S-Trimer with either AS03 (oil-in-water emulsion) or CpG 1018 (TLR9 agonist) plus alum adjuvants induced high-levels of neutralizing antibodies and Th1-biased cellular immune responses in animal models. Moreover, rhesus macaques immunized with adjuvanted S-Trimer were protected from SARS-CoV-2 challenge compared to vehicle controls, based on clinical observations and reduction of viral loads in lungs. Trimer-Tag may be an important new platform technology for scalable production and rapid development of safe and effective subunit vaccines against current and future emerging RNA viruses.

Competing Interest Statement

J.G.L. and P.L. have ownership interest in Clover Biopharmaceuticals. All other authors have no competing interests.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted September 24, 2020.
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S-Trimer, a COVID-19 subunit vaccine candidate, induces protective immunity in nonhuman primates
Joshua G. Liang, Danmei Su, Tian-Zhang Song, Yilan Zeng, Weijin Huang, Jinhua Wu, Rong Xu, Peiwen Luo, Xiaofang Yang, Xiaodong Zhang, Shuangru Luo, Ying Liang, Xinglin Li, Jiaju Huang, Qiang Wang, Xueqin Huang, Qingsong Xu, Mei Luo, Anliang Huang, Dongxia Luo, Chenyan Zhao, Fan Yang, Jian-Bao Han, Yong-Tang Zheng, Peng Liang
bioRxiv 2020.09.24.311027; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.24.311027
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S-Trimer, a COVID-19 subunit vaccine candidate, induces protective immunity in nonhuman primates
Joshua G. Liang, Danmei Su, Tian-Zhang Song, Yilan Zeng, Weijin Huang, Jinhua Wu, Rong Xu, Peiwen Luo, Xiaofang Yang, Xiaodong Zhang, Shuangru Luo, Ying Liang, Xinglin Li, Jiaju Huang, Qiang Wang, Xueqin Huang, Qingsong Xu, Mei Luo, Anliang Huang, Dongxia Luo, Chenyan Zhao, Fan Yang, Jian-Bao Han, Yong-Tang Zheng, Peng Liang
bioRxiv 2020.09.24.311027; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.24.311027

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