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Mapping single-cell atlases throughout Metazoa unravels cell type evolution

View ORCID ProfileAlexander J. Tarashansky, View ORCID ProfileJacob M. Musser, Margarita Khariton, Pengyang Li, Detlev Arendt, Stephen R. Quake, Bo Wang
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.28.317784
Alexander J. Tarashansky
1Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Jacob M. Musser
2European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Developmental Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
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Margarita Khariton
1Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Pengyang Li
1Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Detlev Arendt
2European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Developmental Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
3Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Stephen R. Quake
1Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
4Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
5Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Bo Wang
1Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
6Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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  • For correspondence: wangbo@stanford.edu
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Abstract

Comparing single-cell transcriptomic atlases from diverse organisms can provide evolutionary definition of cell types, elucidate the origins of cellular diversity, and transfer cell type knowledge between species. Yet, comparison among distant relatives, especially beyond a single phylum, is hindered by complex gene histories, lineage-specific inventions, and cell type evolutionary diversifications. Here, we develop a method to enable mapping cell atlases throughout Metazoa spanning sponge to mouse. Within phyla, we identify homologous cell types, even between distant species, with some even emerging from distinct germ layers. Across phyla, we find ancient cell type families that form densely interconnected groups, including contractile and stem cells, indicating they likely arose early in animal evolution through hierarchical diversifications. These homologous cell types often substitute paralog expressions at surprising prevalence. Our findings advance the understanding of cell type diversity across the tree of life and the evolution of associated gene expression programs.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted September 30, 2020.
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Mapping single-cell atlases throughout Metazoa unravels cell type evolution
Alexander J. Tarashansky, Jacob M. Musser, Margarita Khariton, Pengyang Li, Detlev Arendt, Stephen R. Quake, Bo Wang
bioRxiv 2020.09.28.317784; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.28.317784
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Mapping single-cell atlases throughout Metazoa unravels cell type evolution
Alexander J. Tarashansky, Jacob M. Musser, Margarita Khariton, Pengyang Li, Detlev Arendt, Stephen R. Quake, Bo Wang
bioRxiv 2020.09.28.317784; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.28.317784

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