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Sequential infection with influenza A virus followed by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) leads to more severe disease and encephalitis in a mouse model of COVID-19
Jordan J. Clark, Rebekah Penrice-Randal, Parul Sharma, Anja Kipar, Xiaofeng Dong, Shaun H. Pennington, Amy E. Marriott, Stefano Colombo, Andrew Davidson, Maia Kavanagh Williamson, View ORCID ProfileDavid A. Matthews, Lance Turtle, Tessa Prince, View ORCID ProfileGrant L. Hughes, Edward I. Patterson, Ghada Shawli, Krishanthi Subramaniam, Jo Sharp, Lynn McLaughlin, En-Min Zhou, View ORCID ProfileJoseph D. Turner, View ORCID ProfileGiancarlo Biagini, Andrew Owen, Julian A. Hiscox, View ORCID ProfileJames P. Stewart
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.13.334532
Jordan J. Clark
1Department of Infection Biology & Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
Rebekah Penrice-Randal
1Department of Infection Biology & Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
Parul Sharma
1Department of Infection Biology & Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
Anja Kipar
1Department of Infection Biology & Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
2Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Xiaofeng Dong
1Department of Infection Biology & Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
Shaun H. Pennington
3Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
Amy E. Marriott
3Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
Stefano Colombo
3Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
Andrew Davidson
4School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Maia Kavanagh Williamson
4School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
David A. Matthews
4School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Lance Turtle
5Department of Clinical Infection Microbiology and Immunology and NIHR Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
6Tropical & Infectious Disease Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital
Tessa Prince
1Department of Infection Biology & Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
Grant L. Hughes
7Departments of Vector Biology and Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
Edward I. Patterson
7Departments of Vector Biology and Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
Ghada Shawli
1Department of Infection Biology & Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
Krishanthi Subramaniam
1Department of Infection Biology & Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
Jo Sharp
8Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, UK
Lynn McLaughlin
9Biomedical Services Unit, University of Liverpool, UK
En-Min Zhou
1Department of Infection Biology & Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
10Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
Joseph D. Turner
3Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
Giancarlo Biagini
3Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
Andrew Owen
8Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, UK
Julian A. Hiscox
1Department of Infection Biology & Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
10Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
11Infectious Diseases Horizontal Technology Centre (ID HTC), A*STAR, Singapore
James P. Stewart
1Department of Infection Biology & Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
10Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
12Department of Infectious Disease, University of Georgia, Georgia, USA
Article usage
Posted February 15, 2021.
Sequential infection with influenza A virus followed by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) leads to more severe disease and encephalitis in a mouse model of COVID-19
Jordan J. Clark, Rebekah Penrice-Randal, Parul Sharma, Anja Kipar, Xiaofeng Dong, Shaun H. Pennington, Amy E. Marriott, Stefano Colombo, Andrew Davidson, Maia Kavanagh Williamson, David A. Matthews, Lance Turtle, Tessa Prince, Grant L. Hughes, Edward I. Patterson, Ghada Shawli, Krishanthi Subramaniam, Jo Sharp, Lynn McLaughlin, En-Min Zhou, Joseph D. Turner, Giancarlo Biagini, Andrew Owen, Julian A. Hiscox, James P. Stewart
bioRxiv 2020.10.13.334532; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.13.334532
Sequential infection with influenza A virus followed by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) leads to more severe disease and encephalitis in a mouse model of COVID-19
Jordan J. Clark, Rebekah Penrice-Randal, Parul Sharma, Anja Kipar, Xiaofeng Dong, Shaun H. Pennington, Amy E. Marriott, Stefano Colombo, Andrew Davidson, Maia Kavanagh Williamson, David A. Matthews, Lance Turtle, Tessa Prince, Grant L. Hughes, Edward I. Patterson, Ghada Shawli, Krishanthi Subramaniam, Jo Sharp, Lynn McLaughlin, En-Min Zhou, Joseph D. Turner, Giancarlo Biagini, Andrew Owen, Julian A. Hiscox, James P. Stewart
bioRxiv 2020.10.13.334532; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.13.334532
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