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“Distinct roles of dorsal and ventral subthalamic neurons in action selection and cancellation.”

Clayton P. Mosher, Adam N. Mamelak, Mahsa Malekmohammadi, Nader Pouratian, Ueli Rutishauser
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.16.342980
Clayton P. Mosher
1Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
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Adam N. Mamelak
1Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
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Mahsa Malekmohammadi
2Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Nader Pouratian
2Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Ueli Rutishauser
1Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
3Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, Caltech, Pasadena, CA
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  • For correspondence: ueli.rutishauser@cshs.org
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Abstract

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) supports action selection by inhibiting all motor programs except the desired one. Recent evidence suggests that STN can also cancel an already selected action when goals change, a key aspect of cognitive control. However, there is little neurophysiological evidence for a dissociation between selecting and cancelling actions in the human STN. We recorded single neurons in the STN of humans performing a stop-signal task. Movement-related neurons suppressed their activity during successful stopping whereas stop-signal neurons activated at low-latencies regardless of behavioral outcome. In contrast, STN and motor-cortical beta-bursting occurred only later in the stopping process. Task-related neuronal properties varied by recording location from dorsolateral movement to ventromedial stop-signal tuning. Therefore, action selection and cancellation coexist in STN but are anatomically segregated. These results show that human ventromedial STN neurons carry fast stop-related signals suitable for implementing cognitive control.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted October 17, 2020.
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“Distinct roles of dorsal and ventral subthalamic neurons in action selection and cancellation.”
Clayton P. Mosher, Adam N. Mamelak, Mahsa Malekmohammadi, Nader Pouratian, Ueli Rutishauser
bioRxiv 2020.10.16.342980; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.16.342980
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“Distinct roles of dorsal and ventral subthalamic neurons in action selection and cancellation.”
Clayton P. Mosher, Adam N. Mamelak, Mahsa Malekmohammadi, Nader Pouratian, Ueli Rutishauser
bioRxiv 2020.10.16.342980; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.16.342980

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