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The impact of life stage and pigment source on the evolution of novel warning signal traits

View ORCID ProfileCarita Lindstedt, View ORCID ProfileRobin Bagley, View ORCID ProfileSara Calhim, Mackenzie Jones, View ORCID ProfileCatherine Linnen
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.20.346700
Carita Lindstedt
1Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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  • For correspondence: carita.a.lindstedt@jyu.fi
Robin Bagley
2Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506
3Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University at Lima, Lima, OH 45804
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Sara Calhim
1Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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Mackenzie Jones
2Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506
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Catherine Linnen
2Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506
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ABSTRACT

Our understanding of how novel color traits evolve in aposematic taxa is based largely on studies of reproductive stages and organisms with endogenously produced pigmentation. In these systems, genetic drift is often required for novel alleles to overcome strong purifying selection stemming from frequency-dependent predation and positive assortative mating. Here we show that the importance of these mechanisms can differ if selective processes are considered in larval stage instead. By integrating population genomic data, predation experiments and phenotypic measurements of larvae and their host plants, we show that novel white alleles in Neodiprion lecontei (pine sawfly) larvae spread via selection rather than drift. The cost of being rare was not offset by an enhanced aposematic display or immune function. Instead, bottom-up selection via host plants may drive divergence among populations as white larvae were disproportionately abundant on a pine species with a reduced carotenoid content relative to other pine hosts.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted October 21, 2020.
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The impact of life stage and pigment source on the evolution of novel warning signal traits
Carita Lindstedt, Robin Bagley, Sara Calhim, Mackenzie Jones, Catherine Linnen
bioRxiv 2020.10.20.346700; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.20.346700
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The impact of life stage and pigment source on the evolution of novel warning signal traits
Carita Lindstedt, Robin Bagley, Sara Calhim, Mackenzie Jones, Catherine Linnen
bioRxiv 2020.10.20.346700; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.20.346700

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