New Results
Large-scale single-cell analysis reveals critical immune characteristics of COVID-19 patients
View ORCID ProfileXianwen Ren, Wen Wen, Xiaoying Fan, Wenhong Hou, Bin Su, Pengfei Cai, Jiesheng Li, Yang Liu, Fei Tang, Fan Zhang, Yu Yang, Jiangping He, Wenji Ma, Jingjing He, Pingping Wang, Qiqi Cao, Fangjin Chen, Yuqing Chen, Xuelian Cheng, Guohong Deng, Xilong Deng, Wenyu Ding, Yingmei Feng, Rui Gan, Chuang Guo, Weiqiang Guo, Shuai He, Chen Jiang, Juanran Liang, Yi-min Li, Jun Lin, Yun Ling, Haofei Liu, Jianwei Liu, Nianping Liu, Yang Liu, Meng Luo, Qiang Ma, Qibing Song, Wujianan Sun, GaoXiang Wang, Feng Wang, Ying Wang, Xiaofeng Wen, Qian Wu, Gang Xu, Xiaowei Xie, Xinxin Xiong, Xudong Xing, Hao Xu, Chonghai Yin, Dongdong Yu, Kezhuo Yu, Jin Yuan, Biao Zhang, Tong Zhang, Jincun Zhao, Peidong Zhao, Jianfeng Zhou, Wei Zhou, Sujuan Zhong, Xiaosong Zhong, Shuye Zhang, Lin Zhu, Ping Zhu, Bin Zou, Jiahua Zou, Zengtao Zuo, Fan Bai, Xi Huang, Xiuwu Bian, Penghui Zhou, Qinghua Jiang, Zhiwei Huang, Jin-Xin Bei, Lai Wei, Xindong Liu, Tao Cheng, Xiangpan Li, Pingsen Zhao, Fu-Sheng Wang, Hongyang Wang, Bing Su, Zheng Zhang, Kun Qu, Xiaoqun Wang, Jiekai Chen, Ronghua Jin, Zemin Zhang
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.29.360479
Xianwen Ren
1Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Wen Wen
2National Center for Liver Cancer Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
3Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
4Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory on Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
Xiaoying Fan
5Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health GuangDong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China
11State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology (Shanghai), Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
Wenhong Hou
6Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
Bin Su
7Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
Pengfei Cai
8Department of oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230021, China
Jiesheng Li
1Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Yang Liu
9Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, Guangdong Province, China
Fei Tang
1Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Fan Zhang
10Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150080 Harbin, China
Yu Yang
1Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Jiangping He
5Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health GuangDong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China
Wenji Ma
11State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology (Shanghai), Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
Jingjing He
12State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
Pingping Wang
13Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, China
Qiqi Cao
2National Center for Liver Cancer Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
3Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
4Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory on Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
Fangjin Chen
34Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
Yuqing Chen
1Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Xuelian Cheng
14State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology and National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
15Center for Stem Cell Medicine and Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
Guohong Deng
16Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
Xilong Deng
20Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, China
Wenyu Ding
11State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology (Shanghai), Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
17State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
Yingmei Feng
7Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
Rui Gan
10Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150080 Harbin, China
Chuang Guo
8Department of oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230021, China
Weiqiang Guo
32Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yuebei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512025, China
Shuai He
12State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
Chen Jiang
8Department of oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230021, China
Juanran Liang
19State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
Yi-min Li
21State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510120
Jun Lin
8Department of oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230021, China
Yun Ling
23Department of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, 201052, China
Haofei Liu
24Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P. R. China
Jianwei Liu
5Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health GuangDong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China
Nianping Liu
8Department of oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230021, China
Yang Liu
12State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
Meng Luo
13Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, China
Qiang Ma
11State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology (Shanghai), Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
Qibing Song
25Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
Wujianan Sun
8Department of oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230021, China
GaoXiang Wang
26Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
Feng Wang
27Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
Ying Wang
27Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
Xiaofeng Wen
19State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
Qian Wu
17State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
Gang Xu
9Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, Guangdong Province, China
Xiaowei Xie
14State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology and National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
15Center for Stem Cell Medicine and Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
Xinxin Xiong
12State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
Xudong Xing
28Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
Hao Xu
8Department of oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230021, China
Chonghai Yin
11State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology (Shanghai), Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
Dongdong Yu
25Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
Kezhuo Yu
1Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Jin Yuan
9Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, Guangdong Province, China
Biao Zhang
14State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology and National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
15Center for Stem Cell Medicine and Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
Tong Zhang
7Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
Jincun Zhao
21State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510120
Peidong Zhao
18Analytical Biosciences Beijing Limited, Beijing, China
Jianfeng Zhou
26Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
Wei Zhou
5Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health GuangDong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China
Sujuan Zhong
17State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
Xiaosong Zhong
35Beijing Shijían Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Shuye Zhang
36Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
Lin Zhu
8Department of oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230021, China
Ping Zhu
14State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology and National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
15Center for Stem Cell Medicine and Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
Bin Zou
19State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
Jiahua Zou
29Cancer Center, Huanggang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huanggang, 438000, China
Zengtao Zuo
11State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology (Shanghai), Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
Fan Bai
1Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Xi Huang
30Center for Infection and Immunity, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
Xiuwu Bian
24Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P. R. China
Penghui Zhou
12State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
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- For correspondence: zhouph@sysucc.org.cn qhjiang@hit.edu.cn huangzhiwei2009@gmail.com beijx@sysucc.org.cn weilai@gzzoc.com xindongliu@hotmail.com chengtao@ihcams.ac.cn rm001227@whu.edu.cn zhaopingsen01@163.com fswang302@163.com hywangk@vip.sina.com bingsu@sjtu.edu.cn zhangzheng1975@aliyun.com qukun@ustc.edu.cn xiaoqunwang@ibp.ac.cn chen_jiekai@gibh.ac.cn ronghuajin_youan@126.com zemin@pku.edu.cn
Qinghua Jiang
13Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, China
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Zhiwei Huang
10Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150080 Harbin, China
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Jin-Xin Bei
12State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
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Lai Wei
19State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
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Xindong Liu
24Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P. R. China
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Tao Cheng
14State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology and National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
15Center for Stem Cell Medicine and Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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Xiangpan Li
31Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
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Pingsen Zhao
32Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yuebei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512025, China
33Laboratory for Diagnosis of Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Medical Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512025, China
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Fu-Sheng Wang
28Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
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Hongyang Wang
2National Center for Liver Cancer Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
3Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
4Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory on Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Bing Su
27Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
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Zheng Zhang
9Institute for Hepatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, Guangdong Province, China
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Kun Qu
8Department of oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230021, China
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Xiaoqun Wang
5Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health GuangDong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China
11State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology (Shanghai), Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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Jiekai Chen
5Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health GuangDong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China
22Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
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- For correspondence: zhouph@sysucc.org.cn qhjiang@hit.edu.cn huangzhiwei2009@gmail.com beijx@sysucc.org.cn weilai@gzzoc.com xindongliu@hotmail.com chengtao@ihcams.ac.cn rm001227@whu.edu.cn zhaopingsen01@163.com fswang302@163.com hywangk@vip.sina.com bingsu@sjtu.edu.cn zhangzheng1975@aliyun.com qukun@ustc.edu.cn xiaoqunwang@ibp.ac.cn chen_jiekai@gibh.ac.cn ronghuajin_youan@126.com zemin@pku.edu.cn
Ronghua Jin
7Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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- For correspondence: zhouph@sysucc.org.cn qhjiang@hit.edu.cn huangzhiwei2009@gmail.com beijx@sysucc.org.cn weilai@gzzoc.com xindongliu@hotmail.com chengtao@ihcams.ac.cn rm001227@whu.edu.cn zhaopingsen01@163.com fswang302@163.com hywangk@vip.sina.com bingsu@sjtu.edu.cn zhangzheng1975@aliyun.com qukun@ustc.edu.cn xiaoqunwang@ibp.ac.cn chen_jiekai@gibh.ac.cn ronghuajin_youan@126.com zemin@pku.edu.cn
Zemin Zhang
1Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG), BIOPIC and School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
6Institute of Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
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- For correspondence: zhouph@sysucc.org.cn qhjiang@hit.edu.cn huangzhiwei2009@gmail.com beijx@sysucc.org.cn weilai@gzzoc.com xindongliu@hotmail.com chengtao@ihcams.ac.cn rm001227@whu.edu.cn zhaopingsen01@163.com fswang302@163.com hywangk@vip.sina.com bingsu@sjtu.edu.cn zhangzheng1975@aliyun.com qukun@ustc.edu.cn xiaoqunwang@ibp.ac.cn chen_jiekai@gibh.ac.cn ronghuajin_youan@126.com zemin@pku.edu.cn
SUMMARY
Dysfunctional immune response in the COVID-19 patients is a recurrent theme impacting symptoms and mortality, yet the detailed understanding of pertinent immune cells is not complete. We applied single-cell RNA sequencing to 284 samples from 205 COVID-19 patients and controls to create a comprehensive immune landscape. Lymphopenia and active T and B cell responses were found to coexist and associated with age, sex and their interactions with COVID-19. Diverse epithelial and immune cell types were observed to be virus-positive and showed dramatic transcriptomic changes. Elevation of ANXA1 and S100A9 in virus-positive squamous epithelial cells may enable the initiation of neutrophil and macrophage responses via the ANXA1-FPR1 and S100A8/9-TLR4 axes. Systemic upregulation of S100A8/A9, mainly by megakaryocytes and monocytes in the peripheral blood, may contribute to the cytokine storms frequently observed in severe patients. Our data provide a rich resource for understanding the pathogenesis and designing effective therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
HIGHLIGHTS
Large-scale scRNA-seq analysis depicts the immune landscape of COVID-19
Lymphopenia and active T and B cell responses coexist and are shaped by age and sex
SARS-CoV-2 infects diverse epithelial and immune cells, inducing distinct responses
Cytokine storms with systemic S100A8/A9 are associated with COVID-19 severity
Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
Footnotes
↵38 Lead contact
Copyright
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
Posted October 29, 2020.
Large-scale single-cell analysis reveals critical immune characteristics of COVID-19 patients
Xianwen Ren, Wen Wen, Xiaoying Fan, Wenhong Hou, Bin Su, Pengfei Cai, Jiesheng Li, Yang Liu, Fei Tang, Fan Zhang, Yu Yang, Jiangping He, Wenji Ma, Jingjing He, Pingping Wang, Qiqi Cao, Fangjin Chen, Yuqing Chen, Xuelian Cheng, Guohong Deng, Xilong Deng, Wenyu Ding, Yingmei Feng, Rui Gan, Chuang Guo, Weiqiang Guo, Shuai He, Chen Jiang, Juanran Liang, Yi-min Li, Jun Lin, Yun Ling, Haofei Liu, Jianwei Liu, Nianping Liu, Yang Liu, Meng Luo, Qiang Ma, Qibing Song, Wujianan Sun, GaoXiang Wang, Feng Wang, Ying Wang, Xiaofeng Wen, Qian Wu, Gang Xu, Xiaowei Xie, Xinxin Xiong, Xudong Xing, Hao Xu, Chonghai Yin, Dongdong Yu, Kezhuo Yu, Jin Yuan, Biao Zhang, Tong Zhang, Jincun Zhao, Peidong Zhao, Jianfeng Zhou, Wei Zhou, Sujuan Zhong, Xiaosong Zhong, Shuye Zhang, Lin Zhu, Ping Zhu, Bin Zou, Jiahua Zou, Zengtao Zuo, Fan Bai, Xi Huang, Xiuwu Bian, Penghui Zhou, Qinghua Jiang, Zhiwei Huang, Jin-Xin Bei, Lai Wei, Xindong Liu, Tao Cheng, Xiangpan Li, Pingsen Zhao, Fu-Sheng Wang, Hongyang Wang, Bing Su, Zheng Zhang, Kun Qu, Xiaoqun Wang, Jiekai Chen, Ronghua Jin, Zemin Zhang
bioRxiv 2020.10.29.360479; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.29.360479
Large-scale single-cell analysis reveals critical immune characteristics of COVID-19 patients
Xianwen Ren, Wen Wen, Xiaoying Fan, Wenhong Hou, Bin Su, Pengfei Cai, Jiesheng Li, Yang Liu, Fei Tang, Fan Zhang, Yu Yang, Jiangping He, Wenji Ma, Jingjing He, Pingping Wang, Qiqi Cao, Fangjin Chen, Yuqing Chen, Xuelian Cheng, Guohong Deng, Xilong Deng, Wenyu Ding, Yingmei Feng, Rui Gan, Chuang Guo, Weiqiang Guo, Shuai He, Chen Jiang, Juanran Liang, Yi-min Li, Jun Lin, Yun Ling, Haofei Liu, Jianwei Liu, Nianping Liu, Yang Liu, Meng Luo, Qiang Ma, Qibing Song, Wujianan Sun, GaoXiang Wang, Feng Wang, Ying Wang, Xiaofeng Wen, Qian Wu, Gang Xu, Xiaowei Xie, Xinxin Xiong, Xudong Xing, Hao Xu, Chonghai Yin, Dongdong Yu, Kezhuo Yu, Jin Yuan, Biao Zhang, Tong Zhang, Jincun Zhao, Peidong Zhao, Jianfeng Zhou, Wei Zhou, Sujuan Zhong, Xiaosong Zhong, Shuye Zhang, Lin Zhu, Ping Zhu, Bin Zou, Jiahua Zou, Zengtao Zuo, Fan Bai, Xi Huang, Xiuwu Bian, Penghui Zhou, Qinghua Jiang, Zhiwei Huang, Jin-Xin Bei, Lai Wei, Xindong Liu, Tao Cheng, Xiangpan Li, Pingsen Zhao, Fu-Sheng Wang, Hongyang Wang, Bing Su, Zheng Zhang, Kun Qu, Xiaoqun Wang, Jiekai Chen, Ronghua Jin, Zemin Zhang
bioRxiv 2020.10.29.360479; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.29.360479
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