1Department of Population Health and Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
2Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd, MSOB X306, Stanford, CA, USA
7Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd, MSOB X306, Stanford, CA, USA
8Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
9Department of Statistics, Stanford University School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
