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The super repertoire of type IV effectors in the pangenome of Ehrlichia spp. provides insights into host-specificity and pathogenesis

Christophe Noroy, View ORCID ProfileDamien F. Meyer
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.07.372862
Christophe Noroy
1CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France
2ASTRE, CIRAD, INRA, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
3Université des Antilles, Fouillole, BP-250 97157 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
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Damien F. Meyer
1CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France
2ASTRE, CIRAD, INRA, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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  • ORCID record for Damien F. Meyer
  • For correspondence: damien.meyer@cirad.fr
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Abstract

The identification of bacterial effectors is essential to understand how obligatory intracellular bacteria such as Ehrlichia spp. manipulate the host cell for survival and replication. Infection of mammals – including humans – by the intracellular pathogenic bacteria Ehrlichia spp. depends largely on the injection of virulence proteins that hijack host cell processes. Several hypothetical virulence proteins have been identified in Ehrlichia spp., but one so far has been experimentally shown to translocate into host cells via the type IV secretion system. However, the current challenge is to identify most of the type IV effectors (T4Es) to fully understand their role in Ehrlichia spp. virulence and host adaptation. Here, we predict the T4E repertoires of four sequenced Ehrlichia spp. and four other Anaplasmataceae as comparative models (pathogenic Anaplasma spp. and Wolbachia endosymbiont) using previously developed S4TE 2.0 software. This analysis identified 579 predicted T4Es (228 pT4Es for Ehrlichia spp. only). The effector repertoires of Ehrlichia spp. overlapped, thereby defining a conserved core effectome of 92 effectors shared by all strains. In addition, 69 species-specific T4Es were predicted with non-canonical GC% mostly in gene sparse regions of the genomes and we observed a bias in pT4Es according to host-specificity. We also identified new protein domain combinations, suggesting novel effector functions. This work presenting the predicted effector collection of Ehrlichia spp. can serve as a guide for future functional characterisation of effectors and design of alternative control strategies against these bacteria.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted November 08, 2020.
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The super repertoire of type IV effectors in the pangenome of Ehrlichia spp. provides insights into host-specificity and pathogenesis
Christophe Noroy, Damien F. Meyer
bioRxiv 2020.11.07.372862; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.07.372862
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The super repertoire of type IV effectors in the pangenome of Ehrlichia spp. provides insights into host-specificity and pathogenesis
Christophe Noroy, Damien F. Meyer
bioRxiv 2020.11.07.372862; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.07.372862

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