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Transcriptomic divergence predicts morphological and ecological variation underlying an adaptive radiation

View ORCID ProfileMoisés A. Bernal, Daniel L. Yule, View ORCID ProfileWendylee Stott, Lori Evrard, View ORCID ProfileThomas E. Dowling, View ORCID ProfileTrevor J. Krabbenhoft
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.15.422975
Moisés A. Bernal
1Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States of America
2Department of Biological Sciences and RENEW Institute, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States of America
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  • For correspondence: mab0205@auburn.edu tkrabben@buffalo.edu
Daniel L. Yule
3U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center – Lake Superior Biological Station, 2800 Lake Shore Drive E., Ashland, WI 54806, United States of America
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Wendylee Stott
4Michigan State University CESU working for U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center, 1451 Green Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105-2807, United States of America
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Lori Evrard
3U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center – Lake Superior Biological Station, 2800 Lake Shore Drive E., Ashland, WI 54806, United States of America
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Thomas E. Dowling
5Wayne State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, United States of America
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Trevor J. Krabbenhoft
2Department of Biological Sciences and RENEW Institute, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States of America
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  • For correspondence: mab0205@auburn.edu tkrabben@buffalo.edu
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Abstract

Groups of sympatric taxa with low inter-specific genetic differentiation, but considerable ecological differences, offer great opportunities to study the dynamics of divergence and speciation. This is the case of ciscoes (Coregonus spp.) in the Laurentian Great Lakes, which are characterized by a complex evolutionary history and are commonly described as having undergone an adaptive radiation. In this study, morphometrics, stable isotopes and transcriptome sequencing were used to study the relationships within the Coregonus artedi complex in western Lake Superior. We observed general concordance for morphological, ecological and genomic variation, but the latter was more taxonomically informative as it showed less overlap among species in multivariate space. Low levels of genetic differentiation were observed between individuals morphologically identified as C. hoyi and C. zenithicus, and we hypothesize this could be associated with recent hybridization between the two species. Transcriptome-based single nucleotide polymorphisms exhibited significant divergence for genes associated with vision, development, metabolism and immunity, among species that occupy different habitats. This study highlights the importance of using an integrative approach when studying groups of taxa with a complex evolutionary history, as individual-level analyses of multiple independent datasets can provide a clearer picture of the patterns and processes associated with the origins of biodiversity.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. This article is a US Government work. It is not subject to copyright under 17 USC 105 and is also made available for use under a CC0 license.
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Posted December 16, 2020.
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Transcriptomic divergence predicts morphological and ecological variation underlying an adaptive radiation
Moisés A. Bernal, Daniel L. Yule, Wendylee Stott, Lori Evrard, Thomas E. Dowling, Trevor J. Krabbenhoft
bioRxiv 2020.12.15.422975; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.15.422975
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Transcriptomic divergence predicts morphological and ecological variation underlying an adaptive radiation
Moisés A. Bernal, Daniel L. Yule, Wendylee Stott, Lori Evrard, Thomas E. Dowling, Trevor J. Krabbenhoft
bioRxiv 2020.12.15.422975; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.15.422975

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