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Induced systemic resistance impacts the phyllosphere microbiome through plant-microbe-microbe interactions

Anna Sommer, Marion Wenig, Claudia Knappe, Susanne Kublik, Bärbel Fösel, Michael Schloter, A. Corina Vlot
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.13.426583
Anna Sommer
1Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Marion Wenig
1Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Claudia Knappe
1Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Susanne Kublik
2Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Department of Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Bärbel Fösel
2Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Department of Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Michael Schloter
2Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Department of Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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A. Corina Vlot
1Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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  • For correspondence: corina.vlot@helmholtz-muenchen.de
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Abstract

Both above- and below-ground parts of plants are constantly confronted with microbes, which are main drivers for the development of plant-microbe interactions. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria enhance the immunity of above-ground tissues, which is known as induced systemic resistance (ISR). We show here that ISR also influences the leaf microbiome. We compared ISR triggered by the model strain Pseudomonas simiae WCS417r (WCS417) to that triggered by Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) in Arabidopsis thaliana. In contrast to earlier findings, immunity elicited by both strains depended on salicylic acid. Both strains further relied on MYC2 for signal transduction in the plant, while WCS417-elicited ISR additionally depended on SAR-associated metabolites, including pipecolic acid. A metabarcoding approach applied to the leaf microbiome revealed a significant ISR-associated enrichment of amplicon sequence variants with predicted plant growth-promoting properties. WCS417 caused a particularly dramatic shift in the leaf microbiota with more than 50% of amplicon reads representing two bacterial species: WCS417 and Flavobacterium sp.. Co-inoculation experiments using WCS417 and At-LSPHERE Flavobacterium sp. Leaf82, suggest that the proliferation of these bacteria is influenced by both microbial and plant-derived factors. Together, our data connect systemic immunity with leaf microbiome dynamics and highlight the importance of plant- microbe-microbe interactions for plant health.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • Funding: This work was funded by the DFG as part of priority program SPP 2125 (to MS and ACV).

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted January 14, 2021.
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Induced systemic resistance impacts the phyllosphere microbiome through plant-microbe-microbe interactions
Anna Sommer, Marion Wenig, Claudia Knappe, Susanne Kublik, Bärbel Fösel, Michael Schloter, A. Corina Vlot
bioRxiv 2021.01.13.426583; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.13.426583
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Induced systemic resistance impacts the phyllosphere microbiome through plant-microbe-microbe interactions
Anna Sommer, Marion Wenig, Claudia Knappe, Susanne Kublik, Bärbel Fösel, Michael Schloter, A. Corina Vlot
bioRxiv 2021.01.13.426583; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.13.426583

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