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Shape analysis of gamma rhythm supports a superlinear inhibitory regime in an inhibition-stabilized network

R Krishnakumaran, Mohammed Raees, View ORCID ProfileSupratim Ray
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.19.427252
R Krishnakumaran
1IISc Mathematics Initiative, Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, 560012
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Mohammed Raees
2Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, 560012, Telephone +91 80 2293 3437, Facsimile +91 80 2360 3323
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Supratim Ray
1IISc Mathematics Initiative, Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, 560012
2Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, 560012, Telephone +91 80 2293 3437, Facsimile +91 80 2360 3323
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  • ORCID record for Supratim Ray
  • For correspondence: sray@iisc.ac.in
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Abstract

Visual inspection of stimulus-induced gamma oscillations (30-70 Hz) often reveals a non-sinusoidal shape. Such distortions are a hallmark of non-linear systems and are also observed in mean-field models of gamma oscillations. A thorough characterization of the shape of the gamma cycle can therefore provide additional constraints on the operating regime of such models. However, the gamma waveform has not been quantitatively characterized, partially because the first harmonic of gamma, which arises because of the non-sinusoidal nature of the signal, is typically weak and gets masked due to a broadband increase in power related to spiking. To address this, we recorded local field potential (LFP) from the primary visual cortex (V1) of two awake female macaques while presenting full-field gratings or iso-luminant chromatic hues that produced huge gamma oscillations with prominent peaks at harmonic frequencies in the power spectra. We found that gamma and its first harmonic always maintained a specific phase relationship, resulting in a distinctive shape with a sharp trough and a shallow peak. Interestingly, a Wilson-Cowan (WC) model operating in an inhibition stabilized mode could replicate this shape, but only when the inhibitory population operated in the super-linear regime, as predicted recently. However, another recently developed model of gamma that operates in a linear regime driven by stochastic noise failed to produce salient harmonics or the observed shape. Our results impose additional constraints on models that generate gamma oscillations and their operating regimes.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing financial interests.

  • Funding Disclosure: This work was supported by Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance (Senior fellowship IA/S/18/2/504003 to SR) and DBT-IISc Partnership Programme..

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted October 14, 2021.
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Shape analysis of gamma rhythm supports a superlinear inhibitory regime in an inhibition-stabilized network
R Krishnakumaran, Mohammed Raees, Supratim Ray
bioRxiv 2021.01.19.427252; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.19.427252
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Shape analysis of gamma rhythm supports a superlinear inhibitory regime in an inhibition-stabilized network
R Krishnakumaran, Mohammed Raees, Supratim Ray
bioRxiv 2021.01.19.427252; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.19.427252

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