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Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants reduce neutralization sensitivity to convalescent sera and monoclonal antibodies

Jie Hu, Pai Peng, View ORCID ProfileKai Wang, Bei-zhong Liu, Liang Fang, Fei-yang Luo, Ai-shun Jin, View ORCID ProfileNi Tang, View ORCID ProfileAi-long Huang
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.22.427749
Jie Hu
1Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Pai Peng
1Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Kai Wang
1Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Bei-zhong Liu
2Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Liang Fang
2Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Fei-yang Luo
3Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Ai-shun Jin
3Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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  • For correspondence: ahuang@cqmu.edu.cn nitang@cqmu.edu.cn aishunjin@cqmu.edu.cn
Ni Tang
1Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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  • For correspondence: ahuang@cqmu.edu.cn nitang@cqmu.edu.cn aishunjin@cqmu.edu.cn
Ai-long Huang
1Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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  • ORCID record for Ai-long Huang
  • For correspondence: ahuang@cqmu.edu.cn nitang@cqmu.edu.cn aishunjin@cqmu.edu.cn
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ABSTRACT

SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific antibodies contribute the majority of the neutralizing activity in most convalescent human sera. Two SARS-CoV-2 variants, N501Y.V1 (also known as B.1.1.7 lineage or VOC-202012/01) and N501Y.V2 (B.1.351 lineage), reported from the United Kingdom and South Africa, contain several mutations in the receptor binding domain of Spike and are of particular concern. To address the infectivity and neutralization escape phenotypes potentially caused by these mutations, we used SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus system to compare the viral infectivity, as well as the neutralization activities of convalescent sera and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Our results showed that N501Y Variant 1 and Variant 2 increase viral infectivity compared to the reference strain (wild-type, WT) in vitro. At 8 months after symptom onset, 17 serum samples of 20 participants (85%) retaining titers of ID50 >40 against WT pseudovirus, whereas the NAb titers of 8 samples (40%) and 18 samples (90%) decreased below the threshold against N501Y.V1 and N501Y.V2, respectively. In addition, both N501Y Variant 1 and Variant 2 reduced neutralization sensitivity to most (6/8) mAbs tested, while N501Y.V2 even abrogated neutralizing activity of two mAbs. Taken together the results suggest that N501Y.V1 and N501Y.V2 reduce neutralization sensitivity to some convalescent sera and mAbs.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted January 22, 2021.
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Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants reduce neutralization sensitivity to convalescent sera and monoclonal antibodies
Jie Hu, Pai Peng, Kai Wang, Bei-zhong Liu, Liang Fang, Fei-yang Luo, Ai-shun Jin, Ni Tang, Ai-long Huang
bioRxiv 2021.01.22.427749; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.22.427749
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Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants reduce neutralization sensitivity to convalescent sera and monoclonal antibodies
Jie Hu, Pai Peng, Kai Wang, Bei-zhong Liu, Liang Fang, Fei-yang Luo, Ai-shun Jin, Ni Tang, Ai-long Huang
bioRxiv 2021.01.22.427749; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.22.427749

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