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In vitro inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 with 0.5% povidone iodine nasal spray (Nasodine) at clinically relevant concentrations and timeframes using tissue culture and PCR based assays

S.P. Tucker, S. Goodall, J. Julander, M. Mendenhall, P. Friedland, P.L. Molloy
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.31.426979
S.P. Tucker
3Firebrick Pharma Limited, the sponsor of Nasodine
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  • For correspondence: sptucker@firebrickpharma.com
S. Goodall
3Firebrick Pharma Limited, the sponsor of Nasodine
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J. Julander
2Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, 5600 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT. 84322-5600, USA
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M. Mendenhall
2Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, 5600 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT. 84322-5600, USA
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P. Friedland
1Faculty of Health and Medical sciences, The University of Western Australia and Dept of Otorhinolaryngology Head Neck & Skull Base Surgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
3Firebrick Pharma Limited, the sponsor of Nasodine
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P.L. Molloy
3Firebrick Pharma Limited, the sponsor of Nasodine
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ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND There has been considerable speculation regarding the potential of PVP-I nasal disinfection as an adjunct to other countermeasures during the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Nasodine is a commercial formulation of 0.5% PVP-I that has been evaluated for safety and efficacy in human trials as a treatment for the common cold, including a Phase III trial (ANZCTR: ACTRN12619000764134). This study presents the first report of the in vitro efficacy of this formulation against SARS-CoV-2.

METHODS We conducted in vitro experiments to determine if the PVP-I formulation inactivated SARS-CoV-2 using two independent assays and virus isolates, and incorporating both PCR-based detection and cell culture methods to assess residual virus after exposure to the formulation.

RESULTS Based on cell culture results, the PVP-I formulation was found to rapidly inactivate SARS-CoV-2 isolates in vitro in short timeframes (15 seconds to 15 minutes) consistent with the minimum and maximum potential residence time in the nose. The Nasodine formula was found to be more effective than 0.5% PVP-I in saline. Importantly, it was found that the formulation inactivated culturable virus but had no effect on PCR-detectable viral RNA.

CONCLUSIONS The PVP-I formulation eliminated the viability of SARS-CoV-2 virus with short exposure times consistent with nasal use. PCR alone may not be adequate for viral quantification in nasal PVP-I studies; future studies should incorporate cell culture to assess viral viability. Nasal disinfection with PVP-I may be a useful intervention for newly-diagnosed COVID-19 patients to reduce transmission risk and disease progression to the lower respiratory tract.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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    Copyright 
    The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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    Posted February 01, 2021.
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    In vitro inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 with 0.5% povidone iodine nasal spray (Nasodine) at clinically relevant concentrations and timeframes using tissue culture and PCR based assays
    S.P. Tucker, S. Goodall, J. Julander, M. Mendenhall, P. Friedland, P.L. Molloy
    bioRxiv 2021.01.31.426979; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.31.426979
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    In vitro inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 with 0.5% povidone iodine nasal spray (Nasodine) at clinically relevant concentrations and timeframes using tissue culture and PCR based assays
    S.P. Tucker, S. Goodall, J. Julander, M. Mendenhall, P. Friedland, P.L. Molloy
    bioRxiv 2021.01.31.426979; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.31.426979

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