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Increasing age is independently associated with higher free water in non-active MS brain - A multi-compartment analysis using FAST-T2

View ORCID ProfileLiangdong Zhou, Yi Li, Xiuyuan Wang, Elizabeth Sweeney, Hang Zhang, Emily B. Tanzi, Jennette Prince, Victor Antonio Su-Ortiz, Susan A. Gauthier, Thanh D. Nguyen
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.01.429067
Liangdong Zhou
1Radiology Department, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
2Brain Health imaging Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
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  • ORCID record for Liangdong Zhou
Yi Li
1Radiology Department, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
2Brain Health imaging Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
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  • For correspondence: yil4008@med.cornell.edu tdn2001@med.cornell.edu
Xiuyuan Wang
1Radiology Department, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
2Brain Health imaging Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
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Elizabeth Sweeney
1Radiology Department, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
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Hang Zhang
1Radiology Department, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
4MRI Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
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Emily B. Tanzi
1Radiology Department, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
2Brain Health imaging Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
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Jennette Prince
5Department of Biomedical Engineering of Cornell University Ithaca, NY, United States
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Victor Antonio Su-Ortiz
5Department of Biomedical Engineering of Cornell University Ithaca, NY, United States
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Susan A. Gauthier
3Neurology Department, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
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Thanh D. Nguyen
1Radiology Department, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
4MRI Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
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  • For correspondence: yil4008@med.cornell.edu tdn2001@med.cornell.edu
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Abstract

Purpose To explore the relationship between the cerebral cortical perivascular space (PVS) and aging in non-active MS subjects by using the multi-echo T2 relaxometry based cerebrospinal fluid fraction (CSFF) map.

Methods Multi-echo spiral T2 data from 111 subjects with non-active multiple sclerosis (MS) were retrospectively investigated by fitting the T2 data into a three-compartment model, the three water compartments including myelin water, intra-extracellular water, and cerebrospinal fluid. Segmentation of T1w image was performed to get the region of interest (ROI) in cerebral cortical regions. The white matter lesion segmentation was conducted using a convolutional neural network (CNN) based segmentation tool. The CSFF in the ROIs were correlated with age by controlling the gender, white matter hyperintensity lesion burden, and MS disease duration. Multiple linear models were created for the analysis of aging effect on the CSFF.

Results The ROI analysis shows that the CSFF in the cerebral cortical regions (temporal, occipital, parietal, front, hippo, and mtl) are significantly linear increasing with age (p<0.01). The intra-extracellular water fraction (IEWF) in the ROIs are significantly linear decreasing (p<0.01).

Conclusion The multi-echo T2 based three-compartment model can be used to quantify the CSFF. The linear increase of CSF water contents in the cerebral cortical regions indicates increased perivascular space load in cortex with aging. The quantification of CSFF may provide a way to understand the glymphatic clearance function in aging and neurodegenerations.

Highlights

  • MR T2 relaxometry is a valid method to quantify the cerebrospinal fluid fraction (CSFF) in cerebral cortical regions

  • The CSFF in the cerebral cortical regions are positively correlated with age by controlling the white matter lesion load in non-active MS subjects.

  • Quantification of cerebral CSFF may reflect the perivascular space load in cortex and better interpret the disease progression in neurodegenerative disease, such as MS.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted February 02, 2021.
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Increasing age is independently associated with higher free water in non-active MS brain - A multi-compartment analysis using FAST-T2
Liangdong Zhou, Yi Li, Xiuyuan Wang, Elizabeth Sweeney, Hang Zhang, Emily B. Tanzi, Jennette Prince, Victor Antonio Su-Ortiz, Susan A. Gauthier, Thanh D. Nguyen
bioRxiv 2021.02.01.429067; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.01.429067
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Increasing age is independently associated with higher free water in non-active MS brain - A multi-compartment analysis using FAST-T2
Liangdong Zhou, Yi Li, Xiuyuan Wang, Elizabeth Sweeney, Hang Zhang, Emily B. Tanzi, Jennette Prince, Victor Antonio Su-Ortiz, Susan A. Gauthier, Thanh D. Nguyen
bioRxiv 2021.02.01.429067; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.01.429067

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