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Intranasal type I interferon treatment is beneficial only when administered before clinical signs onset in the SARS-CoV-2 hamster model

Pierre Bessière, Marine Wasniewski, Evelyne Picard-Meyer, Alexandre Servat, Thomas Figueroa, Charlotte Foret-Lucas, Amelia Coggon, Sandrine Lesellier, Frank Boué, Nathan Cebron, Blandine Gausserès, Catherine Trumel, Gilles Foucras, Francisco J Salguero, Elodie Monchatre-Leroy, Romain Volmer
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.09.430458
Pierre Bessière
1Ecole nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse, ENVT, INRAE, UMR 1225, IHAP, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Marine Wasniewski
2Nancy laboratory for rabies and wildlife, ANSES, Lyssavirus Unit, Malzéville, France
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Evelyne Picard-Meyer
2Nancy laboratory for rabies and wildlife, ANSES, Lyssavirus Unit, Malzéville, France
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Alexandre Servat
2Nancy laboratory for rabies and wildlife, ANSES, Lyssavirus Unit, Malzéville, France
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Thomas Figueroa
1Ecole nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse, ENVT, INRAE, UMR 1225, IHAP, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Charlotte Foret-Lucas
1Ecole nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse, ENVT, INRAE, UMR 1225, IHAP, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Amelia Coggon
1Ecole nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse, ENVT, INRAE, UMR 1225, IHAP, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Sandrine Lesellier
3Nancy laboratory for rabies and wildlife, ANSES, Atton experimental facility, Atton, France
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Frank Boué
2Nancy laboratory for rabies and wildlife, ANSES, Lyssavirus Unit, Malzéville, France
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Nathan Cebron
1Ecole nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse, ENVT, INRAE, UMR 1225, IHAP, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Blandine Gausserès
1Ecole nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse, ENVT, INRAE, UMR 1225, IHAP, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Catherine Trumel
4Ecole nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse, ENVT, CREFRE, INSERM, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Gilles Foucras
1Ecole nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse, ENVT, INRAE, UMR 1225, IHAP, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Francisco J Salguero
5National Infection Service, Public Health England (PHE), Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SP4 0JG, UK
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Elodie Monchatre-Leroy
2Nancy laboratory for rabies and wildlife, ANSES, Lyssavirus Unit, Malzéville, France
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Romain Volmer
1Ecole nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse, ENVT, INRAE, UMR 1225, IHAP, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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  • For correspondence: romain.volmer@envt.fr
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Abstract

Impaired type I interferons (IFNs) production or signaling have been associated with severe COVID-19, further promoting the evaluation of recombinant type I IFNs as therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the Syrian hamster model, we show that intranasal administration of IFN-α starting one day pre-infection or one day post-infection limited weight loss and decreased viral lung titers. By contrast, intranasal administration of IFN-α starting at the onset of symptoms three days post-infection had no impact on the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our results provide evidence that early type I IFN treatments are beneficial, while late interventions are ineffective, although not associated with signs of enhanced disease.

One Sentence Summary The timing of type I interferon treatment is a critical determinant of its efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted February 09, 2021.
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Intranasal type I interferon treatment is beneficial only when administered before clinical signs onset in the SARS-CoV-2 hamster model
Pierre Bessière, Marine Wasniewski, Evelyne Picard-Meyer, Alexandre Servat, Thomas Figueroa, Charlotte Foret-Lucas, Amelia Coggon, Sandrine Lesellier, Frank Boué, Nathan Cebron, Blandine Gausserès, Catherine Trumel, Gilles Foucras, Francisco J Salguero, Elodie Monchatre-Leroy, Romain Volmer
bioRxiv 2021.02.09.430458; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.09.430458
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Intranasal type I interferon treatment is beneficial only when administered before clinical signs onset in the SARS-CoV-2 hamster model
Pierre Bessière, Marine Wasniewski, Evelyne Picard-Meyer, Alexandre Servat, Thomas Figueroa, Charlotte Foret-Lucas, Amelia Coggon, Sandrine Lesellier, Frank Boué, Nathan Cebron, Blandine Gausserès, Catherine Trumel, Gilles Foucras, Francisco J Salguero, Elodie Monchatre-Leroy, Romain Volmer
bioRxiv 2021.02.09.430458; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.09.430458

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